Euthanasia or assisted suicide-and sometimes both-have been legalized in a small number of countries and states. In all jurisdictions, laws and safeguards were put in place to prevent abuse and misuse of these practices. Prevention measures have included, among others, explicit consent by the person requesting euthanasia, mandatory reporting of all cases, administration only by physicians (with...

BACKGROUND One strategy for the prevention of motor vehicle crashes is physician reporting of medically unfit drivers to vehicle licensing authorities, as mandated by law in Ontario, Canada. We studied drivers involved in life-threatening crashes who required hospital admission to determine how many had previously been seen and reported by a physician in the community. METHODS We identified c...

Fisheries observers can both collect scientific data and report on compliance with fisheries regulations. Observers are used only for scientific purposes in most US fisheries. However, North Pacific groundfish fisheries observers are required to report violations of fisheries regulations that they witness. Based on evaluation of historical enforcement incidents and survey data, this paper consi...

OBJECTIVE Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is associated with hospitalization and may cause readmission following admission for any reason. We aimed to measure the incidence of readmissions due to CDI. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. PATIENTS Adult inpatients in Orange County, California, who presented with new-onset CDI within 12 weeks of discharge. METHODS We assessed mandatory ...

BACKGROUND With its increase in participation rate and complex stunts and gymnastic-like maneuvers, cheerleading injuries are on the rise. OBJECTIVE A structured narrative review of the literature was performed to discover the status of the literature on a growing yet under recognized sport. Cheerleading injuries are described in terms of distribution, etiology, and prevention. METHODS A li...

OBJECTIVES This study describes active duty military (ADM) women's beliefs and preferences concerning domestic violence (DV) policy in the military. METHODS Telephone interviews were completed with 474 ADM women from all services, 119 of whom had experienced DV during their military service. RESULTS A majority (57%) supported routine screening. Although 87% said the military's policy on man...

OBJECTIVE To examine compliance with mandatory reporting of summary clinical trial results (within one year of completion of trial) on ClinicalTrials.gov for studies that fall under the recent Food and Drug Administration Amendments Act (FDAAA) legislation. DESIGN Registry based study of clinical trial summaries. DATA SOURCES ClinicalTrials.gov, searched on 19 January 2011, with cross refer...

Objective An integrative review of the literature was undertaken to identify barriers that inhibit nurses from reporting suspected cases of child abuse and neglect. Primary Argument Nurses in all states and territories of Australia except Western Australia are legally required to report suspicions of child abuse and neglect to relevant child protection services. Nurses often have first contact ...