Sustainable development has become a central and key goal for humanity (1 UN: Millenium Development Goals, 2 SDGs). There is no scientific or political consensus, however, about the root cause of unsustainability, so an effective cure impossible. Nevertheless, unlimited inequality among nations individuals, extreme poverty, hunger are always most significant problems. It also often claimed that...

In-process tests are used between manufacturing steps to avoid the cost of further processing material that is apt to fail its final tests. Rapid microbiological methods that return simple negative or positive results are attractive in this context because they are faster than the compendial methods used at product release. However, using a single such test will not reliably detect barely unacc...

IncorporatingMaterial Balance Principle (MBP) in industrial and agricultural performance measurement systems with pollutant factors has been on the rise in recent years. Many conventional methods of performance measurement have proven incompatible with the material flow conditions. This study will address the issue of eco-efficiency measurement adjusted for pollution, taking into account materi...

A mathematical model is developed and tested with plant data for the ammonia cold shot converter of Razi Petrochemical Complex. The model is based on a material and energy balance in a differential element of beds and is subjected to the assumptions of uniform distribution of temperature and composition through a general cross section and negligible mass and heat transfer in axial direction. Th...

A new mathematical treatment of the problem of droplet growth via diffusion of molecules from a supersaturated vapor is presented. The theory is based on a semiquantitative analysis with good physical arguments and is justified by its reasonable predictions. For example it recovers the time honored growth law in which, to a high degree of approximation, the droplet radius increases with the squ...

Cell Culture Bioreactors Basic Types of Bioreactors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Stirred Tank (Well Mixed) vs. Tubular Reactor (Plug Flow) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Segregated Bioreactors (Dead Zone Present) Compartmentalized Bioreactors . . 4 Implication When Growth or Reaction Occurs in the Reactor . . . . . ....

A paradigm shift is taking place in medicine from using synthetic implants and tissue grafts to a tissue engineering approach that uses degradable porous material scaffolds integrated with biological cells or molecules to regenerate tissues. This new paradigm requires scaffolds that balance temporary mechanical function with mass transport to aid biological delivery and tissue regeneration. Lit...

A micromorphic continuum formulation is presented in the context of both, the spatialand the material-motion problem. For both approaches the kinematics as well as the balance relations together with the various representations of the occurring stress fields are derived. The relations between the spatial-motion problem and the material-motion problem quantities are examined in detail. Upon a hy...

Work-life balance and work-life harmony are concepts that elude so many of us, despite the fact that, as physicians, we are always telling our patients how important a healthy lifestyle is and how valuable it is in keeping us well. Every day I discuss with patients what modifiable lifestyle factors are and how they can be changed. Perhaps the most difficult challenge for most people is finding ...

This work is concerned with an extension of classical mixture theory to the case in which the mixture contains an evolving non-material surface on which the constituents may interact, as well as be created and/or annihilated. The formulation of constituent and mixture jump balance relations on/across such a non-material surface proceed by analogy with the standard "volume" or "bulk" constituent...