conclusions the study findings suggest that mothers' knowledge and practice in the use of antibiotics is moderate, and lower parental education may lead to unnecessary antibiotic consumption and resistance. objectives the objective of this study was to study the knowledge and behavior of mothers about antibiotic use in children under six years old with urti. methods ninty-seven mothers with chi...

background and aims: primary infections of rubella and human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) can lead to severe complications in pregnancy. the screening of rubella and hcmv in pregnant women is not routinely carried out in iran. this cross sectional study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of hcmv and rubella infections in neonates with and without congenital defects. materials and methods: this s...

background: pregnancy and accelerated fetal growth always are related with major metabolic changes and body fat redistribution and adiponectin is one of principle adipocyte hormones, so studying adiponectin changes during pregnancy may reveal some hidden parts of fetal metabolism. the aim of this study was to assess adiponectin and leptin levels in umbili cal cord and maternal serum, their rela...

to evaluate the maternal serum dehydroepiandrosterone (dhea) sulfate levels as a factor influencing labor ‘efficiency’ at term and unsuccessful labor induction. this is a prospective study. in this study the mean (± standard error) maternal serum dhea sulfate levels of 90 singleton pregnant women in 3 groups with spontaneous labor, need for augmentation and need for induction were compared.preg...

to evaluate the maternal serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate level as a factor associated with the outcome of labor induction. venous blood was collected from 45 women at the initiation of labor induction. pregnancies complicated by maternal corticosteriod use, anterpartum chorioamnionitis, or cesarean delivery for indications other than arrest disorders, were excluded from analysis. in 42 wom...

background: maternal mortality ratio (mmr) is one of the main indicators of the millennium development goals and its accurate estimation is very important for the countries concerned. the objective of this study is to evaluate the applicability of capture‑recapture (crc) as an analytical method to estimate mmr in countries. methods: we used the crc method to estimate mmr in iran for 2004 and 20...

Women continue to die from pregnancy-related causes at an alarming rate. Maternal mortality was first called a neglected epidemic in 1985, but to date, no significant improvements have been realized. Great disparity exists as lifetime risk of dying from pregnancy is 1 in 26 in Africa, 1 in 7300 in high-income areas. The UN Millennium Development Goals call for a 75% reduction in maternal mortal...

Triennially, since 1954, the Ministry of Health has issued a Report concerning maternal deaths which occurred in England and Wales during the previous three years. The current Report on Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths in England and Wales, 1964-66* makes depressing reading for anaesthetists. Virtually alone of the factors associated with maternal deaths, the number applied to anaest...

OBJECTIVE Maternal mortality reduction is a Millennium Development Goal. In Colombia, there is a large disparity in the maternal mortality ratio (MMR) between and into departments (states) and also between municipalities. We examined socioeconomics variables at the municipal and departmental levels which could be associated to the municipal maternal mortality in Colombia. METHODS A multilevel...

How relevant is religion to our understanding of maternal health (MH) service utilization in sub-Saharan Africa? We ask this question mainly because while the effect of religion on some aspects of reproductive behavior (e.g., fertility, contraception) has not gone unnoticed in the region, very few studies have examined the possible link with MH service utilization. Understanding this link in th...