Background Studies suggest that thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) positivity exposure during pregnancy may contribute to changes in placental morphology and pathophysiology. However, little is known about the association of maternal TPOAb with cytokines. This study focuses on effect repeated measurements Methods Based Ma’anshan Birth Cohort (MABC) China, levels were retrospectively detected f...

We describe a surprising new regulatory relationship between two key genes of the Drosophila sex-determination gene hierarchy, Sex-lethal (Sxl) and transformer (tra). A positive autoregulatory feedback loop for Sxl was known to maintain somatic cell female identity by producing SXL-F protein to continually instruct the target gene transformer (tra) to make its feminizing product, TRA-F. We disc...

Maternally inherited noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) can regulate zygotic gene expression across generations [1-4]. Recently, many stable intronic sequence RNAs (sisRNAs), which are byproducts of pre-mRNA splicing, were found to be maternally deposited and persist till zygotic transcription in Xenopus and Drosophila [5-7]. In various organisms, sisRNAs can be in linear or circular conformations, and th...

Maternal immune recognition of pregnancy occurs despite the nonexpression of classical major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigenic determinants by chorionic villous trophoblast, which comprise the major surface area where maternal blood contacts fetal-derived cells. cDNA-mRNA in situ hybridization was used to probe expression of transcripts corresponding to nonpolymorphic MHC determinants ...

Vertebrate Bicaudal-C (Bicc1) has important biological roles in the formation and homeostasis of multiple organs, but direct experiments to address the role of maternal Bicc1 in early vertebrate embryogenesis have not been reported. Here, we use antisense phosphorothioate-modified oligonucleotides and the host-transfer technique to eliminate specifically maternal stores of both bicc1 mRNA and B...

This paper deals with the relationship between the single copy transcripts represented in mature oocytes of the sea urchin and the RNA sequences present in immature oocytes and embryos. We term the oocyte transcripts from single copy DNA the maternal single copy sequence set. A single copy VHIDNA fraction VHloDNA) enriched for sequences complementary to the maternal single copy sequence set was...

il-32 and tnf? are important cytokines in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. il-32 has not been previously studied with respect to ms. here, we report il-32 and tnf? transcript levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of ms patients and control individuals by real time pcr. a significant difference in il-32 and tnf? mrna levels of patients as compared to controls was not observed. howeve...