Several authors relate accumulation (or precipitation) at the glacier equilibrium-line altitude (ELA) to summer mean temperature using exponential or power-law functions. I analyze the accumulation–temperature relation at the ELA with a degree-day model using data from the 1992 paper by A. Ohmura and others. The dataset includes estimates at the ELA of winter balance and of ‘winter balance plus...

For the Tortonian (Late Miocene, 11 to 7 Ma), we present a model simulation using the atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) ECHAM4 coupled to a mixed-layer (ML) ocean model. The Tortonian simulation with ECHAM4/ML includes an adjusted weaker than present ocean heat transport, a generally lower palaeorography and an appropriate palaeovegetation. We analyse the climatic differences between...

Climate change may affect human health, particularly for elderly individuals who are vulnerable to temperature changes. While many studies have investigated the acute effects of heat, only a few have dealt with the chronic ones. We have examined the effects of seasonal temperatures on survival of the elderly in the Southeastern USA, where a large fraction of subpopulation resides. We found that...

in this study impact of climate change on operation of gorgan rud basin's dams was evaluated. in this regard temperature and precipitation of the basin for 2011-2035 periods were downscaled using sdsm model and cgcm3-a2 outputs. results showed that annual temperature would increase 0.05°c and annual precipitation would decrease about 4percent. to predict streamflow of the gorgan rud basin ...

[1] Temperature changes at the Earth surface propagate into the subsurface and leave a thermal signature in the underlying soil and rock. Inversions of subsurface temperature measurements yield reconstructions of ground surface temperature (GST) histories that provide estimates of climatic changes. A question remaining in the interpretation of reconstructed GST histories is the extent to which ...

To the editor: We were interested to read Gamble and Hess’s study finding that the daily incidence of violent crime in Dallas increased with temperatures up to 90°F (32.2°C), but decreased above this threshold. On this basis, their abstract surprisingly concludes that “higher ambient temperatures expected with climate change.... are not likely to be accompanied by markedly higher rates of viole...

—Leaf physiognomy (size and shape) in fossils is commonly used to reconstruct terrestrial paleoclimate. Physiognomic leaf-climate methods are underpinned mostly by the covariation between toothed margins and mean annual temperature (MAT) and between leaf size and mean annual precipitation. Digital leaf physiognomy, a multivariate method based largely on variables that are functionally linked to...

We used miniature data loggers implanted in the abdominal cavity to measure core body temperatures at 30 min intervals in eight (three males, five females) adult free-ranging springbok Antidorcas marsupialis in their natural habitat, over a period of 11-13 months. The animals were subjected to a nychthemeral range of air temperature that often exceeded 20 degrees C, with an absolute minimum tem...

[1] Analysis of ERA40 temperature and accumulation data suggests that annual mean isotopic fluctuations due to temperature change will be geographically very variable across the Peninsula: isotopic variations of 0.4% at James Ross Island; 0.9% at Dyer; and 1.3% at Gomez are all likely to indicate an identical magnitude of temperature change. The reduction in the magnitude of the isotopic signal...

BACKGROUND The tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus), vector of several emerging diseases, is expanding into more northerly latitudes as well as into higher altitudes in northern Italy. Changes in the pattern of distribution of the tiger mosquito may affect the potential spread of infectious diseases transmitted by this species in Europe. Therefore, predicting suitable areas of future establishment...