We apply multigrade efficient congruencing to estimate Vinogradov’s integral of degree k for moments of order 2s, establishing strongly diagonal behaviour for 1 6 s 6 1 2 k(k + 1) − 1 3 k + o(k). In particular, as k → ∞, we confirm the main conjecture in Vinogradov’s mean value theorem for 100% of the critical interval 1 6 s 6 1 2 k(k + 1).

We develop a substantial enhancement of the efficient congruencing method to estimate Vinogradov’s integral of degree k for moments of order 2s, thereby obtaining for the first time near-optimal estimates for s > 5 8k . There are numerous applications. In particular, when k is large, the anticipated asymptotic formula in Waring’s problem is established for sums of s kth powers of natural number...

 (b− a)M, for all x ∈ [a, b] . The constant 14 is best possible in the sense that it cannot be replaced by a smaller constant. In [2], the author has proved the following Ostrowski type inequality. Theorem 2. Let f : [a, b] → R be continuous on [a, b] with a > 0 and differentiable on (a, b) . Let p ∈ R\ {0} and assume that Kp (f ) := sup u∈(a,b) { u |f ′ (u)| } < ∞. Then we have the inequality...

Some Ostrowski type inequalities via Cauchy’s mean value theorem and applications for certain particular instances of functions are given.

Let W(k, 2) denote the least number s for which the system of equations ~ _ i x ~ = ~ S = l y i ( 1 <~j~k) has a solution with ~S=lx~+l v e ~ = l y ~ +1. We show that for large k one has W(k, 2) ~< 89 k + logtog k + O(1)), and moreover that when K is large, one has W(k, 2) ~< 89 + 1) + 1 for at least one value k in the interval [K, K 4/3 +~]. We show also that the least s for which the expected...

Abstract. More than a century ago, G. Kowalewski stated that for each n continuous functions on a compact interval [a, b], there exists an n-point quadrature rule (with respect to Lebesgue measure on [a, b]), which is exact for given functions. Here we generalize this result to continuous functions with an arbitrary positive and finite measure on an arbitrary interval. The proof relies on a ver...

We apply the efficient congruencing method to estimate Vinogradov’s integral for moments of order 2s, with 1 6 s 6 k − 1. Thereby, we show that quasi-diagonal behaviour holds when s = o(k), we obtain near-optimal estimates for 1 6 s 6 1 4k 2 + k, and optimal estimates for s > k − 1. In this way we come half way to proving the main conjecture in two different directions. There are consequences f...