OBJECTIVE To estimate the impact of the HIV pandemic on vaccine-acquired population immunity to measles virus because high levels of population immunity are required to eliminate transmission of measles virus in large geographical areas, and HIV infection can reduce the efficacy of measles vaccination. METHODS A literature review was conducted to estimate key parameters relating to the potent...

Stored serum specimens, from four regions of Thailand, of healthy children attending well baby clinics and of healthy people with acute illnesses visiting outpatient clinics were randomly sampled and tested for IgG antibody to measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR). The immunity patterns of rubella and mumps fitted well with the history of rubella and MMR vaccination, seroprotective rates being over...

Background: Despite a global decline in mortality and morbidity from measles in the last decade, outbreaks continue to occur in some parts of the world including Nigeria. Objective: To determine antibody response to routine measles vaccination in Nigerian children and evaluate vaccine potency. Methods: A prospective study of 234 children selected from 3 health centres in an urban area of Lagos,...

BACKGROUND Measles cases continue to occur among susceptible individuals despite the elimination of endemic measles transmission in the United States. Clustering of disease susceptibility can threaten herd immunity and impact the likelihood of disease outbreaks in a highly vaccinated population. Previous studies have examined the role of contact tracing to control infectious diseases among clus...

While a major reduction in morbidity and mortality from measles has been achieved in Qatar since it adopted the measles elimination programme in 1997, the country has experienced small, recurrent measles outbreaks. The aim of this study was to determine the demographical and epidemiological characteristics of measles cases reported to the surveillance programme in Qatar in 2007. Of 362 confirme...

BACKGROUND Measles is a highly contagious but vaccine-preventable disease. Gender differences in measles vaccination outcomes have been widely reported in India. OBJECTIVE An overlooked factor is whether female children are less likely to be vaccinated ageappropriately. METHODS In this paper we use data from the nationally representative 2008 District Level Household Survey (DLHS) to analyse if...

0

Measles is a highly contagious and severe disease. Despite mass vaccination, it remains a leading cause of death in children in developing regions, killing 114,900 globally in 2014. In 2006, China committed to eliminating measles by 2012; to this end, the country enhanced its mandatory vaccination programs and achieved vaccination rates reported above 95% by 2008. However, in spite of these eff...

BACKGROUND Measles vaccination over the past 50 years has greatly reduced the incidence of measles. However, measles among migrants and the resulting changes in epidemiological characteristics have brought new challenges to the elimination of measles. We aim to describe the measles epidemic trend over the past 30 years in a central district in Shanghai, China. METHODS The present study was co...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE In the European Region, measles elimination is now targeted to 2015. To measure progress towards elimination age-group specific susceptibility targets have been defined. Age-specific measles susceptibility in children and adolescents was evaluated in Germany. Taking into account a broad range of socio-demographic, health- and vaccination status related variables, popula...