OBJECTIVES To examine associations between child wellbeing and material living standards (average income), the scale of differentiation in social status (income inequality), and social exclusion (children in relative poverty) in rich developed societies. DESIGN Ecological, cross sectional studies. SETTING Cross national comparisons of 23 rich countries; cross state comparisons within the Un...

In this paper, we introduce a new family of rank-dependent measures of inequality and social welfare consistent with the Equality of Opportunity (EOp) principle. The proposed framework can be used to measure long-term as well as short-term EOp, depending on whether we let permanent income or snapshots of income form the basis of the analysis. Further, it allows for both an ex-ante and an expost...

BACKGROUND Korea has achieved considerable economic growth more rapidly than most other countries, but disparities in income level have increased. Therefore, we sought to assess the association between income inequality and mortality across Korean cities. METHODS Data on household income were obtained from the 2010-2012 Korean Community Health Survey and data on all-cause mortality and other ...

This paper asks how much we should care about changes in Lorenz curves and standard inequality measures when economic growth takes place. I conclude that these changes are of some importance but that other aspects of inequality and poverty are more important. Introduction In December, 2006, the new President of Chile, Michelle Bachelet, convened a workshop on economic inequality. Chile has achi...

The effects of inequality on economic growth depend on several factors. On one hand, they depend on the time horizon considered, on the initial level of income and on its initial distribution. But, on the other hand, as growth and inequality are also uneven across space, it also seems relevant to wonder about the effects of the geographic agglomeration of economic activity. Moreover, it seems r...

Recent research has documented that income inequality in the United States has increased dramatically over the prior three decades. There has been less of a consensus, however, on whether the increase in income inequality was matched by an equally large increase in consumption inequality. Most researchers have studied this question using data from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (CE) and some s...

Morton Paglin recently proposed a new summary statistic~ the "Paglin-Gini," which he uses to measure an.d analyze the level and trend of income inequality in the United States. In contrast with the standard Lorenz-Gini, which counts all income differences among living units in measuring inequality, the Paglin-Gini defines meaningful inequality to include only the differences in family incomes t...