BACKGROUND Melasma is a common pigmentary disorder that affects all skin types but is seen more in individuals with Fitzpatrick skin type IV to VI. Safe and effective treatment options for melasma need to be explored. Already proven effective for the treatment of pigmentary disorders, lasers have been used to treat melasma in recent years. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety profile...

Human phenotype including skin colour patterns is associated with genetic, evolutional as well as cultural aspects which rely on production of melanin. Melasma is crucial disorder related to the skin that affects the population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the various contributing circulating biochemical markers that could be responsible for melasma. Fifty (50) patients suffering from...

The tretinoin peel, also known as retinoic acid peel, is a superficial peeling often performed in dermatological clinics in Brazil. The first study on this was published in 2001, by Cuce et al., as a treatment option for melasma. Since then, other studies have reported its applicability with reasonable methodology, although without a consistent scientific background and consensus. Topical treti...

Background. Multiple modalities have been used in the treatment of melasma with variable success. Niacinamide has anti-inflammatory properties and is able to decrease the transfer of melanosomes. Objective. To evaluate the therapeutic effect of topical niacinamide versus hydroquinone (HQ) in melasma patients. Patients and Methods. Twenty-seven melasma patients were randomized to receive for eig...

Introduction: Melasma is a common acquired hypermelanosis seen mainly in women which occurs on the sun-exposed skin of the face. The exact cause of melasma is unknown. The majority of the cases are attributed to pregnancy, combined oral contraceptive pills, genetic factors, sun exposure, use of cosmetic products, thyroid disorders and anti-convulsant drugs. This study was performed to evaluate ...

Background: Melasma is the acquired, gradual and symmetric hyper pigmentation of the face. Melasma has been related to many factors such as pregnancy, genetic, endocrine and sun exposure but the exact relationship to endocrine factors isn’t still clear. Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between melasma and polycystic ovarian disease and androgenic hormones. Patients and Methods: Th...

conclusions our study showed that the triple therapy of nd: yag and nd: yag + co2 fractional and hydroquinone cream had high efficiency and low morbidity compared to twofold treatment with nd: yag and nd: yag + co2 fractional. results seventeen patients with melasma (14 females and three males) with mean (± sd) age of 38.47 (± 6.29) years (range 29 - 53) were included in this study. the only si...

Melasma is a common acquired hyperpigmentation disorder disproportionately affecting women of color. Though its cause remains unknown, several predisposing risk factors have been identified. Our investigation sought to better define racial and ethnic differences in factors, treatment patterns, incidence melasma the US through large case-control analysis. We queried TriNetX database representing...

Melasma is an acquired, chronic hyperpigmentation disorder exacerbated by hormone fluctuations, heat, inflammation, and sun exposure. Sun exposure the greatest triggering exacerbating factor, yet few studies investigate how patients with melasma practice sun-protective behaviors (SPBs). This mixed-methods project explored barriers to SPBs in melasma. The demographic questionnaire Exposure Prote...

The present investigation was conducted to evaluate non-invasively, various functional skin parameters i.e., irritation potential, melasma and sebum contents following long term application of topical cream (w/o) loaded with 2% methanolic extract of Ananas comosus L. versus placebo control (base) in healthy adults. Healthy human volunteers (n = 11, aged 20-30 years) were recruited for investiga...