Copyright: © 2014 Panda S, et al. the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Our understanding of melasma as a disease has undergone a radical shift in the past decade or two [1]. The landmark paper by Sanchez et al. published in 1981 first provided for...

BACKGROUND Melasma is a common acquired symmetrical hypermelanosis that occurs on sun-exposed areas, and it is frequently observed among women. Various treatment modalities have been tried, but none are completely satisfactory. 4-n-butylresorcinol, which is a resorcinol derivative that has an inhibitory effect on both tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein-1, was introduced in 1995 and it ha...

BACKGROUND Low-fluence 1064 nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser has recently been shown to be effective for the melasma treatment. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of low-fluence 1064 nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser treatment of melasma in Asian patients. METHODS Fifty patients with melasma underwent 15 weeks of weekly treatments, using a Q-switched Nd:Y...

Treatment of melasma remains challenging due to frequent relapses and the occurrence of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) following many interventions. Treatment goals are inhibition of melanin synthesis and transfer by sunscreens, sun avoidance and the use of bleaching agents on one hand and removal of already present pigment by peeling, lasers and light on the other hand. Triple combi...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Melasma and acquired dermal melanocytosis (ADM; acquired bilateral nevus of Ota-like macules) are both seen most commonly symmetrically on the face of women with darker skin and are also known as difficult conditions to treat. METHODS Our topical bleaching protocol with 0.1 to 0.4% tretinoin gel and 5% hydroquinone was performed repeatedly (1-3 times) for melasma (n=1...

BACKGROUND Melasma is a common pigmentary disorder that affects all skin types but is seen more in individuals with Fitzpatrick skin type IV to VI. Safe and effective treatment options for melasma need to be explored. Already proven effective for the treatment of pigmentary disorders, lasers have been used to treat melasma in recent years. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety profile...

Human phenotype including skin colour patterns is associated with genetic, evolutional as well as cultural aspects which rely on production of melanin. Melasma is crucial disorder related to the skin that affects the population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the various contributing circulating biochemical markers that could be responsible for melasma. Fifty (50) patients suffering from...

The tretinoin peel, also known as retinoic acid peel, is a superficial peeling often performed in dermatological clinics in Brazil. The first study on this was published in 2001, by Cuce et al., as a treatment option for melasma. Since then, other studies have reported its applicability with reasonable methodology, although without a consistent scientific background and consensus. Topical treti...

Background. Multiple modalities have been used in the treatment of melasma with variable success. Niacinamide has anti-inflammatory properties and is able to decrease the transfer of melanosomes. Objective. To evaluate the therapeutic effect of topical niacinamide versus hydroquinone (HQ) in melasma patients. Patients and Methods. Twenty-seven melasma patients were randomized to receive for eig...

Introduction: Melasma is a common acquired hypermelanosis seen mainly in women which occurs on the sun-exposed skin of the face. The exact cause of melasma is unknown. The majority of the cases are attributed to pregnancy, combined oral contraceptive pills, genetic factors, sun exposure, use of cosmetic products, thyroid disorders and anti-convulsant drugs. This study was performed to evaluate ...