This research was designed to investigate the effects of discourse markers on EFL Iranian learners' listening comprehension. Fifty eight male and female students took a pre-test as a proficiency test first, 39 students out of 58 are needed. To gain this aim, a language proficiency test, i.e., Nelson test will be given to the total participants. After calculating Mean and Standard Deviation, eac...

Conventional approaches to literature reviews tend to perform a meta-analysis of previous literature, based on a modernist, normal science paradigm. These reviews typically seek a ‘mythical centre’ based on synthesis and consensus. This is not always appropriate for research areas that have been characterised by heterogeneous and inconsistent studies. In this paper, we examine the discourse ass...

This paper 1 deals with presuppositional effects by the temporal discourse markers after and before within a multi-sentence discourse. By presenting data wrt. implicitly expressed causal relations, the proposal by Lascarides and Oberlander (1993) is criticised and a formalisation of the discourse usage of the two temporal connectives is given by extending van der Sandt’s (1992) approach to pres...

The purpose of the study reported in this paper is to investigate how local focusing structure, analysed in terms of Centering Theory (Grosz, Joshi & Weinstein, 1995), and global d iscourse structure, analysed in terms of discourse segments and discourse segment purposes (Grosz & Sidner, 1986), interact. Swedish dialogue was analysed according to Centering Theory and Grosz and Sidners (1986) di...