[1] Orogens with multiple (ultra)high-pressure ((U)HP) and (ultra)high-temperature ((U) HT) metamorphic events provide a complex but telling record of oceanic and continental interaction. The Early Paleozoic history of the “Heart of China,” the Qinling orogenic collage, offers snapshots of at least three (U)HP and two (U)HT metamorphic events. The preservation of remnants of both oceanic and co...

Although testing is the mostpopular method for assuring sofrware quality, there are two recognized limitations, known as the reliable test set problem and the oracle problem. Fault-based testing is un attempt by Morell to alleviate the reliable test set problem. In this papec we propose to enhance fault-based testing to address the oracle problem as well. We present an integrated method that co...

Rocks from the Valhalla metamorphic core complex, British Columbia, Canada, have experienced granulite Jades metamorphism at conditions of 820±30°C, 8±1 kbar. Peak metamorphism was accompanied by dehydration melting of muscovite, but not biotite, followed by minor back reaction of garnet + K-feldspar + H20sillimanite + biotite+plagio close.' At conditions very near those of the peak, extensive ...

Vertebrate pigment cells are derived from neural crest cells and are a useful system for studying neural crest-derived traits during post-embryonic development. In zebrafish, neural crest-derived melanophores differentiate during embryogenesis to produce stripes in the early larva. Dramatic changes to the pigment pattern occur subsequently during the larva-to-adult transformation, or metamorpho...

Most of the organic nitrogen (Norg) on Earth is disseminated in crustal sediments and rocks in the form of fossil nitrogen-containing organic matter. The chemical speciation of fossil Norg within the overall molecular structure of organic matter changes with time and heating during burial. Progressive thermal evolution of organic matter involves phases of enhanced elimination of Norg and ultima...