Methotrexate may cause seizures, dementia, and leukoencephalopathy when given in toxic doses to children with leukemia or solid tumors. Even in therapeutic doses, treatment with this drug is associated with an increased incidence of seizures in children with leukemia. To study mechanisms of injury, juvenile rats were given multiple intraventricular injections of methotrexate and the brains were...

The present studies were performed to delineate the effect of high-dose methotrexate with citrovorum factor rescue on the measurable compartments of human granulopoiesis, including peripheral blood cells and bone marrow stem cells committed to granulopoiesis-monocytopoiesis. Parameters of granulopoiesis were determined during the first course of high-dose methotrexate with citrovorum factor res...

: High-dose methotrexate (HDMTX), defined as a dose higher than 500 mg/m2, is used to treat a range of adult and childhood cancers. Although HDMTX is safely administered to most patients, it can cause significant toxicity, including acute kidney injury (AKI) in 2%-12% of patients. Nephrotoxicity results from crystallization of methotrexate in the renal tubular lumen, leading to tubular toxicity...

Thirty-nine adults with acute leukaemia who had relapsed when receiving extensive chemotherapy were treated with a combination of methotrexate and colaspase (L-asparaginase) given sequentially. Patients initially received 50-80 mg/m(2) methotrexate, followed three hours later by intravenous colaspase, 40 000 IU/m(2). Seven days later intravenous methotrexate, 120 mg/m(2) was given. Each dose of...

In January 2012, glucarpidase (Voraxaze(®)) received approval from the US Food and Drug Administration for intravenous treatment of toxic plasma methotrexate concentrations due to impaired renal clearance. Methotrexate, an antifolate agent, has been used for over 60 years in the treatment of various cancers. High-dose methotrexate has been particularly useful in the treatment of leukemias and l...

Purpose Methotrexate is widely used in chemotherapy for a variety of malignancies. However, severe toxicity, poor pharmacokinetics, and narrow safety margin of methotrexate limit its clinical application. The aim of this study was to develop sustained-release methotrexate-loaded implants and evaluate antitumor activity of the implants after intratumoral implantation. Materials and methods We ...

Background: The protective effects of silymarin on liver and heart have been investigated and identified by many researchers. This study evaluates the protective effects of this substance on hepatotoxicity and cardiotoxcity of chemotherapy drugs in leukemic children. Materials and Methods: In this study, 71 children, aging 2-14 years old, going through the maintenance phase of acute lymphoblas...

Fifteen adult patients with biopsy-proven convoluted T-lymphoblastic lymphoma were treated with an aggressive regimen, modified from the LSA2-L2 protocol used for childhood lymphoma. The treatment schema consisted of induction phase, including cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone, adriamycin, and 2000 rads to mediastinum, as well as intrathecal methotrexate. Consolidation phase included cy...

The pharmacological and medical management of complex chemotherapy regimens are vast and complex, requiring an intimate understanding of physiology, particularly when novel biologic agents are utilized with commonly used regimens. The molecular classification in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is multifaceted, particularly with the expansion of novel molecular targets. The p...