Metabolic flux analysis (MFA) is a rapidly developing field concerned with the quantification and understanding of metabolism at the systems level. The application of MFA has produced detailed maps of flow through metabolic networks of a range of plant systems. These maps represent detailed metabolic phenotypes, contribute significantly to our understanding of metabolism in plants, and have led...

An elementary plant fiber could be assimilated to a laminate, mainly constituted of the secondary wall S2 layer, made of a few non-crystalline polysaccharides reinforced by cellulose fibrils organized in a helix, with a microfibrillar angle (MFA) around 10 o relative to the longitudinal fiber axis. This paper investigates the relationships between the MFA, the mechanical properties and the bioc...

A review of material flow analysis (MFA) tools, comparison of case studies and analysis of approximately 20 MFA tools (static, semi-empirical models) are performed. The evaluation of the quantification procedures revealed several deficits in the approaches. The following principal complications for a reliable quantification of inputs from the urban water system are identified: (1) frequently in...

Genome-based Flux Balance Analysis (FBA) and steady-state isotopic-labeling-based Metabolic Flux Analysis (MFA) are complimentary approaches to predicting and measuring the operation and regulation of metabolic networks. Here, genome-derived models of Escherichia coli (E. coli) metabolism were used for FBA and ¹³C-MFA analyses of aerobic and anaerobic growths of wild-type E. coli (K-12 MG1655) ...

Producing spliced EST sequences is a fundamental task in the computational problem of reconstructing splice and transcript variants, a crucial step in the alternative splicing investigation. Now, given an EST sequence, there can be several spliced EST sequences associated to it, since the original EST sequences may have different alignments against wide genomic regions. In this paper we address...

Elementary flux modes (EFMs) are pathways through a metabolic reaction network that connect external substrates to products. Using EFMs, a metabolic network can be transformed into its macroscopic counterpart, in which the internal metabolites have been eliminated and only external metabolites remain. In EFMs-based metabolic flux analysis (MFA) experimentally determined external fluxes are used...

Background: The ability to perform quantitative studies using isotope tracers and metabolic flux analysis (MFA) is critical for detecting pathway bottlenecks and elucidating network regulation in biological systems, especially those that have been engineered to alter their native metabolic capacities. Mathematically, MFA models are traditionally formulated using separate state variables for rea...

The concept of sustainable development concerns not only the natural environment but also human societies and economies. The method of economy-wide material flow accounting and analysis (EW-MFA) is internationally recognized as a valuable tool for studying the physical dimensions of economies. EW-MFA has been carried out in many industrialized countries, but very little work has been done for d...

|Cell placement is an important phase of current VLSI circuit design styles as standard cell, gate array, and Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). Although nondeterministic algorithms such as Simulated Annealing (SA) have been successful in solving this problem, they are known to be slow. In this paper, we propose a neural network algorithm that produces solutions as good as SA in substantiall...

Material efficiency (ME) strategies are pursued by governments and companies to reduce environmental emissions, improve supply chain resilience, enhance cost competitiveness. flow analysis (MFA) methods useful quantify raw material stocks flows assess the potential impacts of ME strategies. Although popularity MFA is increasing, there methodological limitations that hinder its use as a decision...