This paper explores several issues important to the thermal design of single-phase and two-phase micro-channel heat sinks. The first part of the paper concerns single-phase heat transfer in rectangular micro-channels. Experimental results are compared with predictions based on both numerical as well as fin analysis models. While the best agreement between predictions and experimental results wa...

This paper presents the results of channel cracking experiments performed on a multilayered structure. Room temperature creep behavior of a metallic underlayer was studied by using a newly developed channel cracking method. By the analysis of a channel crack propagating under tensile load in an elastic Si3N4 topical layer, the creep properties of an aluminum underlayer were determined. The expe...

We investigated the feasibility of the coexistence of CDMATDD micro cells under a CDMA-FDD macro cell network with both sharing the same frequency band. A dynamic channel allocation (DCA) algorithm decides on the basis of mutual interference which FDD band is to use for the micro cell TDD channel. On the assumption of giving the macro cell higher priority we investigated the lower bound probabi...

this study seeks to examine how a company can select the best intermediary for its marketing channels with minimum of criteria and time. a theoretical framework is proposed based on the most important tasks of intermediary and the criteria to measure them. there are four basic tasks and thirty criteria in three independent levels. subsequently, an exploratory case study in iranian food industry...

Microfluidic channel systems used in bio-analytical applications are fabricated using technologies derived from microelectronics industry including lithography, wet etching, and bonding of substrates. One important class of these channel system uses capillary zone electrophoresis to separate and detect chemical species. This technique separates chemical species suspended in a liquid buffer base...

Turbulent flow of water in a narrow gap of an emulsifier is investigated experimentally using micro-PIV (micro Particle Image Velocimetry) technique and compared with numerical predictions performed using the commercial code Fluent. The purpose of the investigations is to develop a procedure for wellcontrolled generation of mono-disperse suspension of micro droplets. These droplets will form a ...

Knowledge of flow pattern and flow pattern transitions is essential to the development of reliable predictive tools for pressure drop and heat transfer in two-phase micro-channel heat sinks. In the present study, experiments were conducted with adiabatic nitrogenwater two-phase flow in a rectangular micro-channel having a 0.40632.032 mm crosssection. Superficial velocities of nitrogen and water...

This paper reviews the models for the fluid flow in micro/nano channels developed previously. These models include the full MDS (molecular dynamics simulation) model, the quasi-continuum model, the modified Navier-Stokes equation model, the dissipative particle dynamics method, the lattice Boltzman method, the multiscale hybrid model and the flow factor approach model. It was pointed out that m...

Published studies concerning transport phenomena in micro-channel heat sinks can be divided into those concerning saturated boiling versus those focused on subcooled boiling, with the vast majority related to the former. What has been lacking is a single generalized method to tackle both boiling regimes. The primary objective of the present paper is to construct a consolidated method to predict...

Wtdeband code -dzvzsion multiple access (CD MA) systems are interference-limzted, and so must utilize some form of interference reductzon in order to maintain an acceptable qualtty of service and capacity. In this paper, cochannel interference for several different CDMA architectures is evaluated. For wideband CDMA systems such as WCDMA and cdma2000 with carrier st ealing, co-channel ~nterferen...