A simplified, microplate tissue culture procedure is described which facilitates neutralization antibody surveys on large numbers of sera. A comparison of the micromethod with that employing standard tube cultures indicates it to be as sensitive and far more economical.

Summary In the current plate tectonics paradigm, relative motions are assumed to remain unperturbed by temporal stress changes occurring during seismic cycle, whereby slowly built up along tectonic boundaries is suddenly released rapid fault slip earthquakes. However, direct observations that could challenge such a tenet have not been identified so far. Here we show rigid motion of whole Anatol...

Membrane fusion is a process of fundamental importance in biological systems that involves highly selective recognition mechanisms for the trafficking of molecular and ionic cargos. Mimicking natural membrane fusion mechanisms for the purpose of biosensor development holds great potential for amplified detection because relatively few highly discriminating targets lead to fusion and an accompan...

We describe a microassay for measuring galactose (Gal) and galactose 1-phosphate (Gal-1-P) in dried blood spots. After a coupled enzyme reaction involving galactose dehydrogenase (GADH, EC 1.1.1.48) and alkaline phosphatase (AP, EC 3.1.3.1) in a microplate well, NADH fluorescence is measured by a highly sensitive fluorometric microplate reader, capable of rapid measurement of fluorescence (2 mi...

An optimal assay for high-throughput screening for new antituberculosis agents would combine the microplate format and low cost of firefly luciferase reporter assays and redox dyes with the ease of kinetic monitoring inherent in the BACTEC system. The green fluorescent protein (GFP) of the jellyfish Aequorea victoria is a useful reporter molecule which requires neither substrates nor cofactors ...

Two differentially labeled bacterial strains were monitored in near-real time during two field-scale bacterial transport experiments in a shallow aquifer in July 2000 and July 2001. Comamonas sp. strain DA001 and Acidovorax sp. strain OY-107 were grown and labeled with the vital fluorescent stain TAMRA/SE (5 [and -6]-carboxytetramethylrhodamine, succinimidyl ester) or CFDA/SE (5 [and -6]-carbox...

We report on the first detailed use of broadband cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy (BBCEAS) as a detection system for immunoassay. A vertical R ≥ 0.99 optical cavity was integrated with a motorized XY stage, which functioned as a receptacle for 96-well microtiter plates. The custom-built cavity enhanced microplate reader was used to make measurements on a commercially available osteocalci...

The shape of a subducting slab varies as function trench motion. Two end-members subduction modes are geodynamically possible: roll-back mode underneath neighboring plates and roll-over the plate itself. Whereas most major slabs seem to roll back while Pacific shows piling behavior down ∼1,000 km depth under Mariana trench, no clear evidence in nature has been reported so far. Here we show poss...

The parallel reflectometric interference spectroscopy is presented as a label-free optical detection method. A new setup was adapted to accommodate sample carriers in a 96-well microplate. It allows for the first time simultaneous plate imaging by a CCD camera for the parallel detection of specific biomolecular interaction in the microplate wells at heterogeneous phase using direct optical moni...

plying by its reciprocal). To use that value for microplate samples, absorbance values must be normalized to a 1 cm path length. This can be done by determining a conversion factor for a given sample volume and microplate. Alternatively, several microplate spectrophotometers use infrared absorbance measurements to determine path length on a well-by-well basis, and absorbance values can be norma...