The image of Roger Bacon as a 'modern' experimental scientist was propagated as historical truth in 19th century scientific historiography. Twentieth century criticisms attacked this tradition, arguing that Bacon was primarily a medieval philosopher with 'medieval' scientific interests. However, recent scholarship has provided a more careful and critical account of Bacon's science, and identifi...

Islam and its followers had created a civilization that played very important role on the world stage for more than a thousand years. One of the most important specific qualities of the Islamic civilization is that it is a well-balanced civilization that brought together science and faith, struck a balance between spirit and matter and did not separate this world from the Hereafter. This is wha...

BACKGROUND The science of toxicology has a long history and been highly valued in Islamic countries. Numerous scientists were the expert in this field, particularly during the third and fourth centuries. Through reading such literature and gaining the experience of the scientists, one can use such valuable information to promote this science. METHODS In this article, different sources of trad...

due to the position of turkey in the middle east and their impact on regional developments in the middle east, this country since the rise of the akp is trying to positionmore important than to paint for yourself.turkey with regard to the heirs of the last islamic empire , attempted to revive the islamic world during its preservation. in this regard, the turkish model in recent years with polit...

Islamic Traditional Medicine (ITM) is a holistic and comprehensive medical school that has antecedents over 12 centuries ago. In ITM, cancer was a known disease with many options for treatment. Razi (Razhes; 865-925 AD), Ahwazi (Haly Abbas; 930-994 AD), Avicenna (980-1037AD), Jorjani (1042-1136 AD), and Aqili Khorasani (18th century) are among eminent physicians who discussed different types of...

antiquity The era of ancient (from the Western perspective, mostly the Middle Eastern and Mediterranean) civilizations extant between prehistory and the Middle Ages. determinism A doctrine claiming that human actions are determined by external factors; its prominent varieties include environmental and geographic determinism. early modern world The period immediately following the Middle Ages, v...

Medical history explains that Persian physicians used scientific methods based on clinical experiences and observations for treatment from pre-Islamic time (before 637 AD) and centuries later (in the Islamic era). Rhazes was one of the Persian physicians acknowledged as a pharmacist, chemist and prominent scientific writer on various subjects of medicine and philosophy. In this study, we aimed ...

Design and Implementation Solenoid Based Kicking Mechanism for Soccer Robot Applied in Robocup-MSL S.Hamidreza Mohades Kasaei1, S. Mohammadreza Mohades Kasaei2 and S.Alireza Mohades Kasaei3 1Department of computer Engineering, Islamic Azad University Khorasgan Branch‐Young Researchers Club, Iran. Email: [email protected] 2Department of computer Engineering, Islamic Azad University Khorasg...

Located at the confluence of the Turko-Islamic and Slavic-Christian worlds, Kazan, the capital of the Republic of Tatarstan, a semiautonomous region of Russia, is populated by roughly even numbers of Muslim Tatars and Eastern Orthodox Russians. The city is separately important to each group’s national history. For the Tatars, it is remembered as the seat of their Islamic state that held sway ov...