MINIATURIZATION OF THE FREON COMPRESSOR: THE BELLOWS PUMP James L. Kamm University of Toledo Thermal Engineering Company Toledo, Ohio All indicators point to the decade of the 1980's as the years of conservation. Whatever the technological "fix" of the future that will bring endless and sufficient energy supplies, if one exists, it will not be available within this time framework. Conservation ...

BACKGROUND Paedocypris is a newly established genus of fish in Southeast Asia. Paedocypris is characterized by several unique features, including a tiny adult size (thus named miniature fish or minifish), fragmentary habitats of acidic peat blackwater swamps, an unusual reproduction mode and truncated development. These peculiarities lend themselves excellent for studying chromosome evolution a...

One of the undesired effects of software evolution is the proliferation of unused components, or components unlikely to be used by a given subset of the applications. As a consequence, the size of binaries and libraries tends to grow. One of the major trends of today’s software market is the porting of applications on hand-held devices or, in general, on devices having a limited amount of resou...

he future of miniaturization of wireless networks is described from the viewpoint of today’s trends in miniaturization, such as microelectromechanical systems and nanotechnology, along with the move away from computer processing–centric systems to distributed networks. The complexity, convergence of technologies, and connectivity of the remote wireless sensor known as the “mote” are discussed i...

Filter is very essential component in wireless communication system. Since need of compact devices is increasing day by day, Filter plays very important role in developments of such devices. In this paper, multiband micro strip stepped impedance resonator band pass filters operating in range of 1 to 10 GHz are designed. A series capacitively coupled series micro strip line resonator is modified...

Extensive studies of vertebrates have shown that brain size scales to body size following power law functions. Most animals are substantially smaller than vertebrates, and extremely small animals face significant challenges relating to nervous system design and function, yet little is known about their brain allometry. Within a well-defined monophyletic taxon, Formicidae (ants), we analyzed how...

In this paper a novel structure of metamaterial is proposed in order to miniaturize a rectangular microstrip patch antenna. The metamaterial is composed of two nested split octagons which are located on a 10 mmx10 mm Rogers RT/duroid 5880 with 0.7874 mm thickness and dielectric constant of 2.2. A 3X5 array of such metamaterials is placed on the patch antenna substrate. By using this metamateria...

Solubility and drug dissolution are of crucial importance for drug formulations. Poor water-solubility of drug candidates is a major obstacle in drug development, since the oral route is the most patient convenient and cost effective way to deliver drugs. In some cases the low aqueous solubility may limit the bioavailability when the absorption of the drug is dissolution limited. About 40% of t...

Log-Periodic Dipole Antenna (LPDA) is a common and important broadband antenna, due to its non-frequency dependent characteristic. However, in the conventional design, the physical size is restricted to the longest oscillator dipole w ith the low est resonant frequency, which is quite large and constrains its application. To realize the antenna miniaturization, many methods, including loading t...

The miniaturization of spectrometer can broaden the application area of spectrometry, which has huge academic and industrial value. Among various miniaturization approaches, filter-based miniaturization is a promising implementation by utilizing broadband filters with distinct transmission functions. Mathematically, filter-based spectral reconstruction can be modeled as solving a system of line...