Germline variants within BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes account for approximately 25% of familial aggregations of breast-ovarian cancers. Low or no expression of BRCA1 in breast and ovarian cancers is associated with a good clinical response to treatment with platinum therapies and PARP1 inhibitors. Recent studies demonstrated that microRNAs - small non-coding RNAs, involved in the control of gene expres...

Dysregulated miRNAs in gastric cancer are usually screened by miRNA microarray from clinical samples, however, reports have indicated that results of each miRNA microarray screening are considerably different, and dysregulated miRNAs, especially downregulated miRNAs were contradictory. In view of this, the Human Cancer Pathway Finder miRNA PCR array was applied to compare 7 gastric cancer cell ...

BACKGROUND The parasitic nematode Angiostrongylus cantonensis is the primary pathogen causing eosinophilic meningitis and meningoencephalitis in nonpermissive hosts. The larval parasites are eliminated by the host's immune responses in the central nervous system (CNS) through infiltration of eosinophils and lymphocytes. This study aimed to determine primary alterations of microRNA (miRNA) durin...

OBJECTIVES Pathological biomarkers and mechanisms of dengue infection are poorly understood. We investigated a new serum biomarker using miRNAs and performed further correlation analysis in dengue-infected patients. METHODS Expression levels of broad-spectrum miRNAs in serum samples from three patients with dengue virus type 1 (DENV-1) and three healthy volunteers were separately analyzed usi...

PURPOSE MicroRNA (miRNA), functions as gene regulators, plays crucial roles in pathogenesis of epilepsy. We hypothesized that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in miRNA may be associated with childhood epilepsy. METHOD We first genotyped the selected four SNPs (miR-146a rs57095329, miR-149 rs2292832, miR-196a2 rs11614913, and miR-499 rs3746444) in 267 paired childhood epilepsy patients a...

Heightened inflammation, including expression of COX-2, is associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) pathogenesis. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that is reduced in COPD-derived lung fibroblasts. The AhR also suppresses COX-2 in response to cigarette smoke, the main risk factor for COPD, by destabilizing the Cox-2 transcript by ...

BACKGROUND Ultrafine particles (<100 nm) are ubiquitous present in the air and may contribute to adverse cardiovascular effects. Exposure to air pollutants can alter miRNA expression, which can affect downstream signaling pathways. miRNAs are present both in the intracellular and extracellular environment. In adults, miR-222 and miR-146a were identified as associated with particulate matter exp...

BACKGROUND Heightened inflammation, including expression of COX-2, is associated with COPD pathogenesis. RelB is an NF-κB family member that attenuates COX-2 in response to cigarette smoke by a mechanism that may involve the miRNA miR-146a. There is no information on the expression of RelB in COPD or if RelB prevents COX-2 expression through miR-146a. METHODS RelB, Cox-2 and miR-146a levels w...

The aim of this study was to provide the experimental basis for effective prevention and treatment of obliterative bronchiolitis (OB) by studying the changes on the microRNA (miRNA) expression profile after an orthotopic tracheal transplantation (OTT) simulating lung transplantation (LT). The OTT was performed on inbred rats to establish an OB animal model simulating LT, which was confirmed suc...