Although the mitochondrial genome exhibits high mutation rates, common mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation has not been consistently associated with pancreatic cancer. Here, we comprehensively examined mitochondrial genomic variation by sequencing the mtDNA of participants (cases = 286, controls = 283) in a San Francisco Bay Area pancreatic cancer case-control study. Five common variants were a...

An enormous and continually growing body of evidence associates genetic variation at the 9p21.3 locus with various phenotypes of coronary heart disease (CHD). What remains to be discovered is the precise phenotype(s) that 9p21.3 predicts, the underlying specific genetic and pathophysiological mechanisms involved, the possible and optimal application of 9p21.3 genotyping in risk prediction, and ...

The pelagic tunicate pyrosome, Pyrosoma atlanticum , is known for its brilliant bioluminescence, but the mechanism causing this bioluminescence has not been fully characterized. This study identifies bacterial bioluminescent symbionts of P. collected in northern Gulf Mexico using several methods such as light and electron microscopy, well molecular genetics. bacteria are localized within pyroso...

Plants possess three major genomes, carried in the chloroplast, mitochondrion, and nucleus. The chloroplast genomes of higher plants tend to be of similar sizes and structure. In contrast both the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes show great size differences, even among closely related species. The largest plant mitochondrial genomes exist in the genus Cucumis at 1500 to 2300 kilobases, over 10...

Energy is required for life on Earth, and it provided by the small organelles of cells called mitochondria, also referred to as cell's powerhouses. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which grouped into several human mtDNA haplogroups, frequently employed in population genetics identify individuals or communities based mutation sites found comparison with reference sequence (rCRS). Previous studies vari...

The green seaweeds Ulva australis and U. pertusa were described from southern Australia Japan, respectively. They are conspecific australis, the currently accepted taxon, is native to temperate marine waters in north-eastern Asia, known be introduced overseas into Australasia, Americas Europe. Although genetics of have been investigated elsewhere, along French coasts origins history introductio...

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a small but significant part of the human genome, whose applicability potential has gradually increased with advent massively parallel sequencing (MPS) technology. Knowledge particular workflow, equipment, and reagents used, along extensive usage negative controls to monitor all preparation steps constitute prerequisites for confident reporting results. In this stud...

The mitogenome is an important tool for researching the evolution of metazoan animals. However, until now, only few mitochondrial genes Pseudorhombus pentophthalmus have been reported. Here, we report complete P. pentophthalmus, assembled using Illumina platform. circular 16,684 bp in length, has a bias A+T content 52.78%, encodes 37 (13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA 2 rRNA genes), and control ...

Fatigue is often described by patients as a lack of energy, mental or physical tiredness, diminished endurance, and prolonged recovery after physical activity. Etiologic mechanisms underlying fatigue are not well understood; however, fatigue is a hallmark symptom of mitochondrial disease, making mitochondrial dysfunction a putative biological mechanism for fatigue. Therefore, this review examin...