Although bicuspid aortic valve occurs in an estimated 1% of adults and mitral valve prolapse in an estimated 5% of adults, occurrence of the 2 in the same patient is infrequent. During examination of operatively excised aortic and mitral valves because of dysfunction (stenosis and/or regurgitation), we encountered 16 patients who had congenitally bicuspid aortic valves associated with various t...

Pulmonary venous aneurysm is rare and its etiology is still debated. Some studies have shown that acquired aneurysms are caused by an increase in left atrial pressure and mitral regurgitation. However, few reports have provided direct evidence of this pathology. We present a case of pulmonary venous aneurysm diagnosed using a combination of echocardiography and contrast-enhanced computed tomogr...

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is the second most common valvular heart disease in terms of prevalence and frequency indications for cardiac surgery. Severe MR characterized by a significant decrease exercise tolerance high mortality. The cause organic degenerative diseases. A detailed systematic assessment mitral valve mechanisms critical management these patients, planning type timing surgical int...

PURPOSE In mitral valve prolapse, determining whether the valve is suitable for surgical repair depends on the location and mechanism of regurgitation. We assessed whether cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) could accurately identify prolapsing or flail mitral valve leaflets and regurgitant jet direction in patients with known moderate or severe mitral regurgitation. METHODS CMR of the mi...

Ischaemic mitral regurgitation is a frequent complication of left ventricular global or regional pathological remodelling due to chronic coronary artery disease. It is not a valve disease but represents the valvular consequences of increased tethering forces (papillary muscles displacement leading to a more apical position of the leaflets and their coaptation point) and reduced closing forces (...

We studied the relationship between the degree of mitral protrusion and degree of mitral regurgitation in an experimental model in which the degree of mitral protrusion could be adjusted. The model was developed by dissecting the dorsal papillary muscle through a left atriotomy in 5 dogs and re-attaching the papillary muscle to the original site using a single mattress suture threading through ...

Corresponding author: Jana Ambrožič, Zaloška 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: [email protected] The MitraClip is the first percutaneous therapy for mitral regurgitation. It can be used in both etiologies: primary (degenerative) and secondary (functional) mitral regurgitation. The technique mimics surgical suture-based approach by implanting a clip that grasps free edges of both leafle...

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is increasingly used to assess patients with mitral regurgitation. Its advantages include quantitative determination of ventricular volumes and function and the mitral regurgitant fraction, and in ischemic mitral regurgitation, regional myocardial function and viability. In addition to these, identification of leaflet prolapse or restriction is necessary ...

To the Editor: I read with interest the contribution by Cai et al in the “Images in Cardiovascular Medicine” section of the journal.1 They described a patient who developed severe aortic regurgitation and a mitral valve aneurysm 1 month after successful treatment of Streptococcus mitis endocarditis. The case presentation and the title implied that the mitral valve aneurysm was caused by the eff...

INTRODUCTION Reliable diagnosis of the severity of mitral regurgitation is important for proper patient treatment and management. However, current clinical methods are either qualitative or limited by geometric assumptions. The only technique capable of bypassing these geometric limitations and quantitatively measure mitral regurgitation is velocity encoded magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, also...