Multiple myeloma is characterized by the clonal expansion of malignant plasma cells (multiple myeloma cells [MMCs]), in the bone marrow. Osteolytic bone lesions are detected in 80% of patients because of increased osteoclastic bone resorption and reduced osteoblastic bone formation. MMCs are found closely associated with sites of increased bone resorption. Osteoclasts strongly support MMC survi...

Metallized polypropylene capacitors (MPPCs) are widely used in the modular multilevel converter (MMC) for high-voltage direct-current transmission systems because of their lower power losses and self-healing capability. The performance MPPCs MMC deteriorates with time due to increase equivalent series resistance a decrease capacitance. Therefore, reliability analysis MPPC is critical. This arti...

The classical utilized double emulsion solvent diffusion technique for encapsulating water soluble Mitomycin C (MMC) in PLA nanoparticles suffers from low encapsulation efficiency because of the drug rapid partitioning to the external aqueous phase. In this paper, MMC loaded PLA nanoparticles were prepared by a new single emulsion solvent evaporation method, in which soybean phosphatidylcholine...

The HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 052 study, which showed the effectiveness of antiretroviral treatment in reducing HIV transmission, has been hailed as a "game changer" in the fight against HIV, prompting calls for scaling up treatment as prevention (TasP). However, it is unclear how TasP can be financed, given flat-lining support for global HIV programs. We assess whether TasP is indee...

The role of cytochrome P450 (P450) in the cytotoxicity of mitomycin C (MMC) and Adriamycin (ADR) was investigated in freshly isolated hepatocytes from phenobarbital-induced rats. The loss of cell viability [measured as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage] upon MMC exposure was accompanied by a rapid and extensive intracellular glutathione (GSH) depletion and followed by minor lipid peroxidation...

PURPOSE In laboratory studies electromotive mitomycin C (MMC) demonstrated markedly increased transport rates compared with passive transport. We performed a prospective study in patients with high risk superficial bladder cancer to assess the efficacy of intravesical electromotive vs passive MMC using bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) as a comparative treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Following ...

BMY 25282 and BMY 25067, analogues of mitomycin C (MMC), were synthesized in an attempt to increase the therapeutic potential of the parent drug. The present studies were undertaken to determine if the cytotoxicity of MMC or its analogues is affected by cellular glutathione (GSH) and/or GSH transferase (GST) levels by using sensitive (P388/S) and multidrug resistant (P388/R-84) mouse leukemia c...

PURPOSE To investigate the efficacy and safety of cationic nano-copolymers CS-g-(PEI-b-mPEG) mediated IκB kinase beta (IKKβ) targeting siRNA in modulating wound healing in a monkey model of glaucoma filtration surgery. METHODS The IKKβ targeting siRNAs were chemically synthesized and screened in cultured monkey Tenon's fibroblasts in vitro. Fourteen monkeys underwent trabeculectomy and were r...

These studies examined the kinetic and mechanistic parameters of mi tomycin C (MMC) bioreduction by xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH), an enzyme recently shown to be capable of MMC activation. The bioreduc tion of MMC by XDH leads to the formation of 2,7-diaminomitosene (2,7-DM) under both aerobic and hypoxic conditions, with greater 2,7-DM formation observed under hypoxic conditions. The XDH-induce...

Combination chemotherapy is frequently used in the clinic for cancer treatment; however, associated adverse effects to normal tissue may limit its therapeutic benefit. Nanoparticle-based drug combination has been shown to mitigate the problems encountered by free drug combination therapy. Our previous studies have shown that the combination of two anticancer drugs, doxorubicin (DOX) and mitomyc...