Abstract Do different loan application formats affect consumer requests? Six studies show that when consumers are asked to provide a preferred monthly payment (vs. amount), they request principal amounts. This is because these differ in the scale-compatible information bring consumers’ mind. When amounts elicited, think of and cost expenditure seek finance. payments however, their budget slack ...

The tree-ring width series and standardized chronologies of Populus davidiana trees in broad-leaved and Korean pine forest in Changbai Mountains were developed separately for male and female trees. Their differential radial growth and their relationship with climatic conditions were analyzed to reveal the effect of gender on radial growth and their climatic responses. It was found that there wa...