BACKGROUND Interest in both general surgery and surgical subspecialties has been declining among Canadian medical students. Studies have shown that a student's desire to practise surgery is largely determined before entry into medical school. As part of a larger study of students' career preferences throughout medical school, we sought to identify the level of interest in surgical careers and t...

Non-player character diversity enriches game environments increasing their replay value. We propose a method for obtaining character behavior diversity based on the diversity of plans enacted by characters, and demonstrate this method in a scenario in which characters have multiple choices. Using case-based planning techniques, we reuse plans for varied character behavior, which simulate differ...

When humans are offered the choice between rewards available at different points in time, the relative values of the options are discounted according to their expected delays until delivery. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we examined the neural correlates of time discounting while subjects made a series of choices between monetary reward options that varied by delay to delivery. W...

the aim of present study was to investigate the relation between the perception of population on healthy diet and lifestyle related behaviors.as part of national study on iranian health perception, a cross-sectional study was carried out in iran, 2010. a multistage sampling approach was applied to include a representative sample of population aged between 18 and 65 in the study. to collect data...

Humans and animals value the opportunity to choose by preferring alternatives that offer more rather than fewer choices. This preference for choice may arise not only from an increased probability of obtaining preferred outcomes but also from the freedom it provides. We used human neuroimaging to investigate the neural basis of the preference for choice as well as for the items that could be ch...

We estimate risk aversion and loss aversion for 550 experimental participants using the Multiple Price List elicitation method. On each screen of the experiment, participants make seven binary choices between a prospect that is held …xed and a sequence of seven (sure-thing) alternative outcomes. In a between-subject design, the set of alternative outcomes is varied by holding the lowest and hig...

Previous research has shown that the brain uses statistical knowledge of both sensory and motor accuracy to optimize behavioral performance. Here, we present the results of a novel experiment in which participants could control both of these quantities at once. Specifically, maximum performance demanded the simultaneous choices of viewing and movement durations, which directly impacted visual a...