Since head-neck segment stabilization is critical for human safety and balance control, the aim of this study was to investigate changes in musculo-tendinous stiffness of the head-neck segment during different tasks. We propose to consider the head-neck segment as a singlejoint system with a changeable geometry as proposed in [1]. The aim was to evaluate the musculo-tendinous stiffness for head...

PURPOSE The adaptive strategies adopted by individuals with infantile nystagmus syndrome (INS) during reading are not clearly understood. Eye movement recordings were used to identify ocular motor strategies used by patients with INS during reading. METHODS Eye movements were recorded at 500 Hz in 25 volunteers with INS and 7 controls when reading paragraphs of text centered at horizontal gaz...

The purpose of the present study is to clarify native ultrastructures of upper surface layers of the rat mandibular condylar cartilage in vivo by a quick-freezing method. The mandibular cartilaginous tissues were removed with their articular discs attached without opening the lower joint cavity. The specimens were processed for light microscopy, transmission or scanning electron microscopy. Dee...

This paper provides a game-theoretic model of probabilistic voting and then examines the incentives faced by candidates in a spatial model of elections. In our model, voters’ strategies form a Quantal Response Equilibrium (QRE), which merges strategic voting and probabilistic behavior. We first show that a QRE in the voting game exists for all elections with a finite number of candidates, and t...

Quantal response equilibrium (QRE) has become a popular alternative to the standard Nash equilibrium concept in game theoretic applications. It is well known that human subjects do not regularly choose Nash equilibrium strategies. It has been hypothesized that subjects are limited by strategic uncertainty or that subjects have broader social preferences over the outcome of games. These two fact...

Advanced simulation software packages can no longer stand alone. Simulation professionals are demanding a toolbox of advanced capabilities and add-on products to allow quick and efficient model building, enhanced graphical displays, and accelerated experimentation and optimization procedures. With the release of WITNESS Release 9, upgrades to the WITNESS VR virtual reality module and Optimizer ...

The prickly nanodiamonds easily entered cells via endocytosis followed by unique intracellular translocation characteristics—quick endosomal escape followed by stable residence in cytoplasm. Endosomal membrane rupturing is identified as the major route of nanodiamonds' escaping the vesicle confinement and to the cytoplasm. Little cytotoxicity is observed to associate with the nanodiamonds' cyto...

In this paper we show that response facilitation in choice reaction tasks achieved by priming the (previously perceived) effect is based on stimulus-response associations rather than on response-effect associations. The reduced key-press response time is not accounted for by earlier established couplings between the key-press movement and its subsequent effect, but instead results from coupling...

The percutaneous release of accessory collateral ligaments was introduced in 1986 as a safe and quick procedure to be attempted before open, more extensive joint release in the treatment of proximal interphalangeal joint flexion contracture. Our study analyzed the long-term results and patient satisfaction following a percutaneous release in 30 joints after a mean follow-up period of 34 months....