Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. It is caused by the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction contribute to the loss of dopaminergic neurons in PD. Sulfuretin is a potent antioxidant that is reported to be beneficial in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. In this stud...

Parkinson's disease is recognized as the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer's disease, characterized by the loss of dopominergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and can be experimentally mimicked by the use of the neurotoxin, 1‑methyl‑4‑phenylpyridinium ion (MPP(+)), in in vitro models. In this study, we investigated the potential protective effects of a...

UNLABELLED MPP is a Java application, encompassing both new and established algorithms, for the analysis of gene and marker content datasets arising from high-throughput microarray techniques. MPP analyses flat file output from microarray experiments to determine the probability of the presence or absence of genes or markers within a genome. MPP can construct gene or marker content datasets for...

BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, affecting 2% of the population aged over 65 years old. Mitochondrial defects and oxidative stress actively participate in degeneration of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in PD. Paeonolum, a main component isolated from Moutan cortex, has potent antioxidant ability. Here, we have examined the effects of paeonolum ...

1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine administration has been used, in various mammalian species, as an experimental model of Parkinson's disease. The pathogenesis for such pharmacologically induced Parkinson's disease involves 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), the active metabolite of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine. This metabolite produces rapid degeneration of nigrostr...

A mixed micelle that comprised of monomethylol poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(D,L-lactic acid) (MPP), D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) and stearic acid grafted chitosan oligosaccharide(CSO-SA) copolymers was developed to enhance the oral absorption of docetaxel (DTX). DTX-loaded MPP/TPGS/CSO-SA mixed polymeric micelles (MPMs) were prepared with thin film hydration method and...

The paper presents a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) based tracker to accurately track the maximum power point (MPP) of a photovoltaic (PV) array. The tracking logic realized on FPGA is based on a modified version of Adaptive Perceptive Particle Swarm Optimization (APPSO) technique. Photovoltaic generation systems use MPP tracker because the photovoltaic array exhibits multiple maxima in t...

We examined whether the well-known neurotoxins 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP(+)) recruit distinct cell death mechanisms using primary cultured neurons derived from day 16 embryonic rat cortices. Electron microscopy revealed that cell death induced by both 6-OHDA and MPP(+) was typified by a condensation of chromatin while prominent mitochondrial swelling wa...

In this study, the effects of melatonin on MPP+ -treated cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs) in culture were investigated. Results showed that MPP+ treatment significantly decreased cell viability and increased the apoptotic cell population at 24 and 48 hr. Calpain and caspase-3 activation was also determined, with results showing a strong increase in calpain (74%) and caspase 3 activity (70%), a...

The exact causes of cell death in Parkinson's disease (PD) remain unknown despite extensive studies on PD.The identification of signaling and metabolic pathways involved in PD might provide insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying PD. The neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) induces cellular changes characteristic of PD, and MPP(+)-based models have been extensively used for ...