OBJECTIVES To survey of the structure, processes and organisation of renal satellite units (RSUs) in England and Wales (Phase 1), and to compare the effectiveness, acceptability, accessibility and economic impact of chronic haemodialysis performed in RSUs compared to main renal units (MRUs) (Phase 2). DATA SOURCES Phase 1: all renal satellite units in England and Wales. Phase 2: haemodialysis...

BACKGROUND The clinical diagnosis of meningococcal disease (MCD) can be difficult. Non-culture methods like the previous ELISA meningococcal PCR improved case confirmation rates, but were not ideal. A Taqman meningococcal PCR, using DNA extracted from serum (S-Taqman), which has an improved sensitivity compared to the ELISA method in vitro, was introduced into clinical practice in July 1997. A ...

Cache replacement techniques like LRU, MRU etc. that are currently being deployed across multi-core architecture platforms, try to classify elements purely based on the number of hits they receive during their stay in the cache. In multithreaded applications data can be shared by multiple threads (which might run on the same core or across different cores). Such data needs to be given more prio...

In this paper, we propose a novel approach to reduce dynamic power in set-associative caches that leverages on a leakage-saving proposal, namely Cache Decay. We thus open the possibility to unify dynamic and leakage management in the same framework. The main intuition is that in a decaying cache, dead lines in a set need not be searched. Thus, rather than trying to predict which cache way holds...

BACKGROUND Ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) is one of the most common causes of urinary tract obstruction in children. Several methods are used to diagnose upper urinary tract obstruction including renal ultrasonography (US), intravenous pyelogram (IVP), diuretic renography (DR), magnetic resonance urography (MRU) and antegrade or retrograde pyelography. Nowadays it is suggested to use...

A l*C-diterpene alcohol (copalol) was isolated as its 4-(4’nitrophenylazo)benzoyl ester from a soluble enzyme system which had been prepared from a cell-free extract of mycelia of the fungus Gibberella fujikuroi and incubated with ZJ*Cmevalonate, ATP, and MgC12. Copalol was identified as trans-( -)-labda-8(16), 13-dien-15-01 from its properties, in comparison with those of the enantiomeric alco...

Background Obstructive uropathy is a common public health issue that requires imaging research for providing necessary information. The data is important for determining treatment options, and may influence selective management choices. Objective The aim of the study is to determine whether magnetic resonance urography or computerized tomography urography is the best imaging modality among pa...

Background Xp11.2 translocation/TFE3 gene fusion associated with renal cell carcinoma (Xp11.2 RCC) exhibits unique biological characteristics and is an increased incidence of tumor thrombosis, lymph node metastasis, advanced disease stages. Multimodality imaging, including US, contrast-enhanced CT, multi-parametric MRI, 18 F-FDG PET/CT plays a crucial role in the preoperative diagnosis differen...