For complex drilling operations with narrow geo-pressure windows, it is not uncommon to have problems with formation fracturing, due to erroneous mud pump management. To assist the driller in managing the circulation, it is possible to limit both the acceleration of the mud pumps whilst changing the flow-rate as well as the actual flow-rate, to avoid generating downhole pressure above the fract...

In uplink block-fading multiple access channel (BFMAC), the advantage of multiuser diversity (MUD) can be taken to achieve higher system throughput. In this letter, with rate constraints for all users and only channel state information available at the receiver assumed, we demonstrate that nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) outperforms the counterpart of orthogonal multiple access (OMA) via e...

Earth is one among five elements having an immense impact on human body. It has been adopted as a treatment modality, i.e. mud therapy in naturopathy. It is a simple, cost effective and efficacious treatment used in the treatment of various disorders. Mud is used as a medicine since long as various references are found available in ancient texts indicating its therapeutic uses. Mud has various ...

Kick occurrence is a possible event during a drilling process. It is required to be handled immediately using a well control method to avoid blowout, financial losses and damages to the drilling crew. Several methods including driller, wait and weight, and concurrent are applicable in the drilling industry to control a well during a kick incident. In this study, typical well control methods wer...

Multi carrier modulation (MCM) technique is essential for next generation wireless mobile communication system, which achieves high data rate with high spectral efficiency and high flexibility. Orthogonal Frequency Division multiplexing (OFDM) introduces multicarrier concept in Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) to give rise to novel concept of MC-CDMA system. The OFDM mitigates multiple acce...

This study on the removal of cobalt ions from aqueous solutions by red mud was conducted in batch condition. Its objective was to investigate the possibility of using red mud waste material as an alternative to high cost commercial adsorbent materials for the removal of cobalt from aqueous solution. In this study, batch experiments were carried out for the adsorption of cobalt onto red mud indu...

This study demonstrates that the configuration of a fixed generation number in the conventional genetic algorithm–based multi-user detector (GA-MUD) induces considerable redundant iterations and thus results in a computational inefficiency. To overcome this difficulty, this research suggests a redundancy saving strategy for the GAMUD (RSGA-MUD) based on the cost statistics of the GA solutions i...

Hybrid genetic elements, Mud-P and Mud-Q (collectively, Mud-P22s), have been constructed that carry two-thirds of the temperate Salmonella phage P22 genome sandwiched between the ends of transposon Mu. Insertions of these elements in the Salmonella chromosome generate locked-in P22 prophages that cannot excise. Upon induction (as a consequence of the inactivation of P22 c2 repressor), a locked-...

Owing to recent climate changes, dust storms are increasingly common, particularly in the Middle East region. Dust accumulation and subsequent mud formation on solid surfaces in humid environments typically have adverse effects on surface properties such as optical transmittance, surface texture, and microhardness. This is usually because the mud, which contains alkaline and ionic species, adhe...

The Frizzled receptor and Dishevelled effector regulate mitotic spindle orientation in both vertebrates and invertebrates, but how Dishevelled orients the mitotic spindle is unknown. Using the Drosophila S2 cell "induced polarity" system, we find that Dishevelled cortical polarity is sufficient to orient the spindle and that Dishevelled's DEP domain mediates this function. This domain binds a C...