Path planning for fixed-wing aircraft in obstacle rich environments requires the consideration of the motion constraints of the aircraft. Most existing motion planning algorithms for systems with dynamics are single query planners, which leads to a large computation overhead if multiple path planning problems are solved. This paper presents a roadmapbased multi-query path planner which generate...

background: in general, measurements of solar ultraviolet (uv) radiation are related to horizontal surfaces. while the hu­mans walking and standing outdoors expose to the natural solar uv radiation, their eyes, cheeks, extremities, trunks, or many other anatomical sites are close to vertical plane and random orient to different directions. in this study, we character­ized the diurnal variations...

In this work, the Engine Combustion Network Spray G injector was mounted in Darmstadt optical-accessible engine to study phenomena typical of multi-hole, early direct-injection events spark-ignition engines characterized by tumble flow charge motion. Dedicated experimental measurements both in-cylinder spray morphology and velocities before after injection process were carried out assess adopte...

Focus cues are incorrect in conventional stereoscopic displays. This causes a dissociation of vergence and accommodation, which leads to visual fatigue and perceptual distortions. Multi-plane displays can minimize these problems by creating nearly correct focus cues. But to create the appearance of continuous depth in a multi-plane display, one needs to use depth-weighted blending: i.e., distri...

The Host Identity Indirection Infrastructure (Hi3) is a general-purpose networking architecture, derived from the Internet Indirection Infrastructure (i3) and the Host Identity Protocol (HIP).Hi3 combines efficient and secure end-to-end data plane transmission of HIP with robustness and resilience of i3. The architecture is well-suited for mobile hosts given the support for simultaneous host mo...

We establish a series of properties of symmetric, N -pulse, homoclinic solutions of the reduced Gray– Scott system: u′′ = uv2, v′′ = v− uv2, which play a pivotal role in questions concerning the existence and self-replication of pulse solutions of the full Gray–Scott model. Specifically, we establish the existence, and study properties, of solution branches in the (α,β)-plane that represent mul...

in this study, under the constraint of resource-saving and environment-friendliness objective, based on multi-agent genetic algorithm, multi-objective spatial optimization (moso) model for land use allocation was developed from the view of simulating the biological autonomous adaptability to environment and the competitive-cooperative relationship. the model was applied to solve the practical m...

Wall-jet flow is an important flow field in hydraulic engineering, and its applications include flow from the bottom outlet of dams and sluice gates. In this paper, the plane turbulent wall jet in shallow tailwater is simulated by solving the Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes equations using the standard  turbulence closure model. This study aims to explore the ability of a time splitting method ...

The Integrated Technical Reference Model (I-TRM) for an autonomous Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has been developed to be used as a guideline to develop a unified and standardized architecture for a diverse array of multi-platform WSNs. Based on the I-TRM proposed by Michel and Fortier, there are three planes to this reference model: The Information Plane, the Control Plane and the Behavior Pla...

The NE2001 model for the free electron distribution of the Milky Way includes ad hoc electron “clumps” to reconcile line of sight observables with basic model predictions (Cordes et al. 2002). While MAGPIS (Multi-Array Galactic Plane Imaging Survey) is insensitive to emission from individual diffuse HII regions (ne ∼10 cm), by investigating the 20 cm maps we are able to verify their assumption ...