Recent molecular genetic studies have suggested that multifocal urothelial cancers are derived from an identical progenitor cell. However, the clonal origin of multifocal urothelial cancers of a low-grade superficial type has not been fully defined. Using microsatellite markers, we exam ined genetic alterations at 20 loci on eight chromosomal arms (2q, 4p, 4q, 8p, 9p, 9q, lip, and 17p) in 87 me...

Objective(s): Studies have reported that invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) with coexisting ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) show lower metastatic potential and recurrence and better overall survival than pure IDC. In this study, we assessed F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imagesof patients with newly diagnosed IDC to...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the use of multifocal visual evoked potentials in the diagnosis of nonorganic visual field loss. METHODS Five patients with unexplained visual field loss underwent full neuro-ophthalmic examination, Humphrey visual field testing, and multifocal visual evoked potential testing using the Accumap objective perimeter (ObjectiVision Pty Ltd, Sydney, Australia). RESULTS In a...

OBJECTIVE To report the clinical and radiologic features in a patient with myelofibrosis who developed atypical progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. DESIGN Case report. SETTING Tertiary referral center. Patient A 72-year-old man with myelofibrosis and mild leukopenia experienced progressive limb weakness and dysarthria. RESULTS Imaging revealed almost complete sparing of the white ...

BACKGROUND Papillary serous carcinoma of the peritoneum (PSCP) diffusely involves peritoneal surfaces, while it spares or only superficially involves the ovaries. PSCP is histologically indistinguishable from serous epithelial ovarian carcinoma, and it may develop years after oophorectomy. The molecular pathogenesis of PSCP remains unresolved, although preliminary data suggest a multifocal orig...

PURPOSE To test the feasibility of recording rod multifocal electroretinograms (ERGs) from the mouse eye. METHODS Multifocal ERGs were recorded from normal mice (C57BL/6J) using an array of equal-sized hexagons. Local stimuli were blue (W47A), and the number of blank frames between successive flashes at the same location was fixed at 14 (minimum 200 msec between flashes). Flash and surround i...

OBJECTIVES Papillary thyroid carcinomas frequently occur as two or more separate foci within the thyroid gland (18%-87%). However, those multifocal tumors are easy to be undetected by preoperative radiologic evaluations, which lead to remnant disease after initial surgery. We aimed to study the incidence of multifocal papillary thyroid microcarcinomas (PTMCs), diagnostic accuracy of preoperativ...

PURPOSE To compare the visual performance of multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) and monofocal IOLs made of the same material. METHODS The subjects included patients implanted with either Tecnis® monofocal IOLs (ZA9003 or ZCB00) or Tecnis® multifocal IOLs (ZMA00 or ZMB00) bilaterally. We conducted a retrospective study comparing the two types of IOLs. The multifocal group included 46 patient...

Multifocal Tuberculosis represents the many faces of an age old disease. It is characterized by the presence of large multifocal tuberculous areas in same or different organs. A 50 year old male patient, presented with features suggestive of renal failure, low grade fever and cough with mucoid expectoration. He was found to have pulmonary TB, genitourinary TB and tuberculous lymphadenitis. He w...

Osteosarcomatosis (also known as multifocal osteosarcoma or multiple sclerotic osteosarcoma) describes a condition in which there are multiple intraosseous foci of osteosarcoma at the time of presentation. Previous investigators have considered osteosarcomatosis to represent multicentric primary neoplasia. More recently it has been suggested that all cases of osteosarcomatosis represent rapidly...