The response to cyclic deformation has been studied for Cu/Cu multilayer material consisting of columns of closely spaced, parallel nanotwins. The fatigue life under stress-controlled cycling is greatly improved over that of coarse-grained Cu. Nanotwinning provides significant strengthening, which is unchanged by fatigue or severe compression. Observations by focused ion beam microscopy showed ...

We report results of high-resolution sputter depth profiling of an alternating MgO/ZnO nanolayer stack grown by atomic layer deposition (ALD) of ≈5.5 nm per layer. We used an improved dual beam time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometer to measure (24)Mg(+) and (64)Zn(+) intensities as a function of sample depth. Analysis of depth profiles by the mixing-roughness-information model yields a ...

Van der Waals materials have received a great deal of attention for their exceptional layered structures and exotic properties, which can open up various device applications in nanoelectronics. However, in situ epitaxial growth of dissimilar van der Waals materials remains challenging. Here we demonstrate a solution for fabricating van der Waals heterostructures. Graphene/hexagonal boron nitrid...

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Ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD) allows a biaxial texturing of oxide layers on polycrystalline or amorphous substrates. Even the best layers still contain an in-plane angular spread of about 4 . We report here a method to grow Ir films on top of these oxide layers with a factor of 5 lower misorientation. It is shown that the huge texture improvement involves a massive realignment of the irid...

Fresnel zone plates (FZPs) recently showed significant improvement by focusing soft X-rays down to ~10 nm. In contrast to soft X-rays, generally a very high aspect ratio FZP is needed for efficient focusing of hard X-rays. Therefore, FZPs had limited success in the hard X-ray range owing to difficulties of manufacturing high-aspect-ratio zone plates using conventional techniques. Here, employin...

We report the first year on-orbit performance results for the Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX), a NASA Small Explorer that is performing a survey of the sky in two ultraviolet bands. The instrument comprises a 50 cm diameter modified Ritchey-Chrétien telescope with a 1.25 field of view, selectable imaging and objective grism spectroscopic modes, and an innovative optical system with a thin-fil...