With use of the meta-analytic approach, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of mechanical overload on skeletal muscle fiber number in animals. A total of 17 studies yielding 37 data points and 360 subjects met the initial criteria: 1) "basic" research studies published in journals, 2) animals (no humans) as subjects, 3) control group included, 4) some type of mechanical overloa...

Supraspinatus tendon tears are common and lead to changes in the muscle architecture. To date, these changes have not been investigated for the distinct regions and parts of the pathologic supraspinatus. The purpose of this study was to create a novel three-dimensional (3D) model of the muscle architecture throughout the supraspinatus and to compare the architecture between muscle regions and p...

For a physiologically realistic joint range of motion and therefore range of muscle fiber lengths, only part of the whole muscle force-length curve can be used in vivo; that is, only a section of the force-length curve is expressed. Previous work has determined that the expressed section of the force-length curve for individual muscles can vary between subjects; however, the degree of intersubj...

Muscle fiber-type grouping (‘clumping’) in cross-sections of patient muscle biopsies and the electrophysiological recordings of enlarged motor unit action potentials (MUAPs) are almost universally interpreted as peripheral nerve damage with subsequent reinnervation of denervated muscle fibers [1, 2]. Other electromyographic potentials, including nascent potentials, are indicators of early muscl...

During ischemia, lidocaine or quinidine may prevent arrhythmias by blocking conduction without suppressing abnormal automaticity. The purpose of this study was to determine whether lidocaine or quinidine (5 Mg/ml) produced Purkinje fiber-papillary muscle block during superfusion in vitro with an altered Tyrode's solution containing some components of ischemia: 6 mM potassium, Po2 < 40, pH = 6.8...

We report a novel lateral packaging approach using laser welding technique with angle polished fiber coupling to grating coupler embedded silicon photonic circuit. Measurements show the relax alignment tolerance for fiber packaging process. The packaging excess loss of 1.2 dB is achieved. The use of angle polished fiber for lateral fiber coupling enables an alternative way for cost-effective de...

Muscle strain injuries are some of the most frequent injuries in sports and command a great deal of attention in an effort to understand their etiology. These injuries may be the culmination of a series of subcellular events accumulated through repetitive lengthening (eccentric) contractions during exercise, and they may be influenced by a variety of variables including fiber strain magnitude, ...

INTRODUCTION: Rotator cuff tear is one of the most common disorders of the shoulder joint among middle aged or elder population. When a tear occurs, the corresponding muscle loses its function due to a loss of tendon continuity and the changes of muscular structure. The pennation angle, which was defined as an angle between the muscle fiber with its inserting intramuscular tendon, is one of the...

The purpose of the present study was to determine the relationship between the adaptations in muscle fiber size and the connective tissue content (interfiber area) in atrophying and hypertrophying skeletal muscles. Hypertrophy was induced in the cat plantaris muscle via functional overload (FO,12 weeks) induced via the removal of its major synergists. Atrophy was induced in the cat soleus muscl...