Anabolic β2-adrenoceptor (β2-AR) agonists have been proposed as therapeutics for treating muscle wasting but concerns regarding possible off-target effects have hampered their use. We investigated whether β2-AR-mediated signalling could be modulated in skeletal muscle via gene delivery to the target tissue, thereby avoiding the risks of β2-AR agonists. In mice, intramuscular administration of a...

Migratory shorebirds show regulated seasonal increases in body mass (BM) even in captivity, consisting primarily, but not exclusively, of fat. We examined whether captive red knot (Calidris canutus) exhibited seasonal alterations in mitochondrial volume (liver, pectoral muscle) and/or succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity (liver, pectoral muscle, heart, small intestine) during three distinct l...

We tested the contribution of beta(2)-integrins, which are important for normal function of neutrophils and macrophages, to skeletal muscle hypertrophy after mechanical loading. Using the synergist ablation model of hypertrophy and mice deficient in the common beta-subunit of beta(2)-integrins (CD18(-/-)), we found that overloaded muscles of wild-type mice had greater myofiber size, dry muscle ...

The influence of work-induced hypertrophy on the myosin of skeletal muscle was studied. Unilateral tenotomy of the gastrocnemius muscle (single tenotomy procedure) in normal rats led to rapid compensatory growth of the synergistic plantaris and soleus muscles. Total myosin increased with hypertrophy. The myosin from these hypertrophied muscles, however, was enzymatically and structurally identi...

Ribosome distribution in skeletal-muscle myofibres was investigated by immunohistochemistry and microdensitometry by using anti-(60 S ribosomal subunit) antibodies. Administration of the 8J-adrenoceptor agonist clenbuterol caused an increase in the staining of the myofibrillar region with this antibody relative to that found in the subsarcolemmal cytoplasm. A similar effect was observed during ...

Skeletal muscle stem cells from food-producing animals are of interest to agricultural life scientists seeking to develop a better understanding of the molecular regulation of lean tissue (skeletal muscle protein hypertrophy) and intramuscular fat (marbling) development. Enhanced understanding of muscle stem cell biology and function is essential for developing technologies and strategies to au...

Deng H, Hershenson MB, Lei J, Anyanwu AC, Pinsky DJ, Bentley JK. Pulmonary artery smooth muscle hypertrophy: roles of glycogen synthase kinase-3 and p70 ribosomal S6 kinase. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 298: L793–L803, 2010. First published February 26, 2010; doi:10.1152/ajplung.00108.2009.—Increased medial arterial thickness is a structural change in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)...

OBJECTIVE To examine the absolute and relative changes in skeletal muscle (SM) size using whole body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in response to heavy resistance training (RT). METHOD Three young men trained three days a week for 16 weeks. RESULTS MRI measured total SM mass and fat free mass (FFM) had increased by 4.2 kg and 2.6 kg respectively after resistance training. CONCLUSIONS R...

Unilateral and isolated temporalis muscle hypertrophy is an extremely rare condition causing cosmetic problems and pain in the temporal region. Up to date, 8 isolated and unilateral cases were reported in the English literature. In this article, the authors report 2 new cases of unilateral isolated temporal muscle hypertrophy.

Skeletal muscle is a vital tissue not only for maintaining posture and body movements but also energy metabolism in human body. highly plastic response to various stimuli, resistance exercise or anabolic hormones can increase mass, which termed “muscle hypertrophy”. Contrary, immobility, aging severe illness reduce atrophy”. Loss of skeletal mass associated with loss independent living, the mor...