Ouabain, a specific inhibitor of the Na /K -pump, has previously been shown to interfere with intercellular communication. Here we test the hypothesis that the communication between vascular smooth muscle cells is regulated through an interaction between the Na /K -pump and the Na /Ca -exchanger leading to an increase in the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca ]i) in discrete areas near th...

Ouabain, a specific inhibitor of the Na(+)/K(+)-pump, has previously been shown to interfere with intercellular communication. Here we test the hypothesis that the communication between vascular smooth muscle cells is regulated through an interaction between the Na(+)/K(+)-pump and the Na(+)/Ca(2+)-exchanger leading to an increase in the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) in disc...

soil salinity affects ions concentrationss of plant tissues and this may alter the merits quality of medicinal plants. experiments were conducted during 2003 at the the isfahan university of technology campus, isfahan, iran, to assess the effects of five soil salinity levels (3.2, 3.6, 4.5, 5.4 and 7.5 ds m-1) on na, k, and ca contents of borage and echium. each plant species was studied in a s...

the paper is focused on the formation of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (hap) in polyelectrolyte-modified microemulsions, in a microemulsion template phase consisting of cyclohexane, water, cationic surfactant and cosurfactant, in the presence of na-polyacrylate (paa) as an anionic polyelectrolyte. it is shown that paa, can be incorporated into the individual inverse microemulsion droplets. the m...

A rise in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC) is an important stimulus for cell contraction, migration, and proliferation. Depletion of intracellular Ca2+ stores opens store-operated Ca2+ channels (SOC) and causes Ca2+ entry. Transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channels that are permeable to Na+ and Ca2+ are believed to form functional ...

Renal cortical tubules consist of polarized epithelial cells where Na/H antiport activity has been demonstrated on the apical and/or basolateral membrane. Apical Na/H antiport activity plays an important role in transcellular bicarbonate (HCO3) reabsorption, whereas basolateral Na/H antiport activity could be involved in transcellular HCO3secretion as well as cell volume and pH control. To dete...

Discussion The well established approach to the NA through the internal capsule could be used for strereotactic biopsy or aspiration. A transorbital, transnasal or an endoscopic approach through the lateral ventricle could be applied to the NA. More invasively, an inferior frontal or an approach through the frontal horn of the lateral ventricle could be applied. Stereotactic radiosurgery and in...