Background Oral histamine receptor–1 antagonists, such as fexofenadine, offer suboptimal relief of allergic rhinitis-associated nasal congestion. Combinations with oral sympathomimetics, such as pseudoephedrine, relieve congestion but produce side effects. Histamine receptor-3 antagonists, such as PF-03654764, reduce congestion in animals and have been proposed as novel therapeutics. Previous n...

M e t h o d s Data sources: MEDLINE (January 1995 to March 2003), references of practice guidelines and review articles, and specialists. Study selection and assessment: Studies that compared skin tests or in vitro tests with a gold standard. Gold standard tests involved 1 of 3 methods: clinical criteria (established by ≥ 2 clinicians correlating patients’ symptoms and signs); a composite (hist...

Experimental allergic rhinitis produces enhanced cough response in awake guinea pigs. Leukotriene receptor antagonists, as anti-inflammatory agents, have been effective in treatment of asthma and allergic rhinitis to inhibit the early and late allergic response. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of montelukast (Singulair, Merck, USA) on the cough reflex in an experimental model of a...

INTRODUCTION Field studies for allergic rhinitis (AR) commonly have inconsistent allergen concentrations and subject exposure patterns due to varying environmental conditions and subject behaviors. A technical and clinical validation study was conducted for the Allergen BioCube® using timothy grass to confirm uniform allergen concentration and clinically relevant subject symptom responses. ME...

Repeated exposures to ozone cause inflammation and mucous cell metaplasia (MCM) in the nasal mucosa of laboratory animals. Similar cellular responses occur in humans during allergic rhinitis. We tested the hypothesis that exposure to ozone will enhance the inflammatory and epithelial responses associated with allergic rhinitis. Ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized Brown Norway rats were exposed to ozone ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Elevated levels of serum total immunoglobulin E (IgE), serum allergen-specific IgE, serum eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), blood eosinophil count and nasal eosinophil count are considered to be associated with allergic rhinitis (AR), but the relationships between these allergic inflammatory markers and the clinical severity of AR remain controversial. This study aimed t...

We hypothesized that augmentation of antioxidant defenses with exogenous superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme that provides an initial defense against oxidative injury, would attenuate allergen-induced nasal congestion in the canine model of allergic rhinitis. Nasal congestion was evaluated by the measurements of nasal resistance and the volume of the nasal passage. In five nonsensitized dogs,...