A multivariate model to assess breast cancer risk was developed by Gail et aL (M. H. Gail, 1. A. Brinton, D. B. Byar, D. K. Corle, S. B. Green, C. Schairer, and J. J. Mulvihill, J. NatI. Cancer Inst., 81: 1879-1886, 1989) based on data analysis of the Breast Cancer Detection and Demonstration Project. We evaluated the model’s usefulness for assigning women to risk groups for counseling and foll...

The complexity of a computational problem is traditionally quantified based on the hardness of its worst case. This approach has many advantages and has led to a deep and beautiful theory. However, from the practical perspective, this leaves much to be desired. In application areas, practically interesting instances very often occupy just a tiny part of an algorithm’s space of instances, and th...

HsRec2/Rad51B is a 350-amino acid protein with a molecular mass of 38,300 Da that appears to be involved in cell cycle regulation and IVinduced apoptosis. The mouse and human genes were isolated based on their homology to a recombinational repair gene from Ustilago mayáisand contain functional domains to hRADSl and hl.IM 15 (M. C. Rice et al., Proc. Nati. Acad. Sci. USA, 94: 7417-7422, 1997). ...

Accumulation of heme oxygenase niRVV is strongly stimulated by treatment of cultured human skin fibroblasts with ultraviolet radiation, hydrogen peroxide, or the sulfhydryl reagent sodium arsenite (S. M. Keyse and R. M. Tyrrell. Proc. Nati. Acad. Sci. USA, «5:99-103, 1989). Since this will result in a transient reduction in the prooxidant state of cells, the phenomenon may represent an importa...

UNLABELLED: Renal control of systemic phosphate homeostasis is critical as evident from inborn and acquired diseases causing renal phosphate wasting. At least three transport proteins are responsible for renal phosphate reabsorption: NAPI-IIa (SLC34A1), NAPI-IIc (SLC34A3) and PIT-2 (SLC20A2). These transporters are highly regulated by various cellular mechanisms and factors including acid-base ...

We have previously described the neoplastic transformation of immor talized human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) by the combination of the c-raf-1 and c-myc protooncogenes and the concomitant induction of neuron-specific enolase mRNA expression (A. Pfeifer et al., Proc. Nati. Acad. Sci. USA, 86:10075-10079,1989). In this paper we describe the morphological, biochemical, and immunohistoche...

Asbestos fibers cause dose-dependent, persistent increases in iiiKNA levels of c-jun and c-fos proto-oncogenes in rat pleural mesothelial (RPM) cells, the progenitor cells of asbestos-induced mesothelioma (N. Heintz, Y. M. W. Janssen, and B. T. Mossman. Proc. Nati. Acad. Sci. USA, 90: 3299-3303, 1993). Here we report that addition of ¿V-acetyl-L-cysteine decreases asbestos-mediated induction o...

Water-in-salt electrolytes have enabled the development of novel high-voltage aqueous lithium-ion batteries due to their wide electrochemical stability window. Here, we explore why analogous sodium struggled reach same level and compare solution structure for eleven salts, selected among major classes salts proposed highly concentrated electrolytes. [1-3] We relate water environment established...

Inspired by Bondarenko’s counter-example to Borsuk’s conjecture, we notice some strongly regular graphs that provide examples of ball packings whose chromatic numbers are significantly higher than the dimensions. In particular, from generalized quadrangles we obtain unit ball packings in dimension q3 − q2 + q with chromatic number q3 + 1, where q is a prime power. This improves the previous low...

Covering spaces of graphs have long been useful for studying expanders (as “graph lifts”) and unique games (as the “label-extended graph”). In this paper we advocate for the thesis that there is a much deeper relationship between computational topology and the Unique Games Conjecture. Our starting point is Linial’s 2005 observation that the only known problems whose inapproximability is equival...