Most current object-oriented design techniques and approaches focus on the new development of a software system, without regarding the reorganization of existing systems at all. But many people point out, that after the initial design and implementation of an object-oriented system, the system must often be reorganized in order to get a cleaner design which is easier to understand, modify and e...

the author in this research has tried to link the alexander pattern language theory, which is based on human oriented and spatial factors, to landscape design, which could come to a cyclic model of “a pattern language for landscape design” in iranian schools of architecture. so, a landscape design process based on the value of human-oriented approach, which is extracted from other values, and t...

In recent years, design patterns gain more interest in software engineering communities for both software development and maintenance. As a template to solve a certain recurring problem, a design pattern documents successful experiences of software experts and gradually becomes the design guidelines of software development. Applying design patterns correctly can improve the efficiency of softwa...

Pedagogical Patterns help in general with teaching. But the teaching of design patterns introduces a few special problems like e.g. ensuring that the purpose of patterns is understood and that patterns are applied in the appropriate and correct way. This pattern language for teaching design patterns addresses these problems and offers solutions for teachers and trainers to solve them. The autho...

Three families of venomous snakes exist in Iran including Viperidae, Elapidae, and Hydrophidae. Viperidae family is the only family with a widespread distribution. Saw-scaled vipers are important poisonous snakes in Asia and Africa. This name is given to this snake due to the presence of obliquely keeled and serrated lateral body scales. Distribution of this genera is mostly reported in t...

in this paper, first design and analysis history of full metal cng cylinders for vehicle are investigated. next with respect to the cng worldwide standards, a full metal type cylinder is designed and analysed. then the numerical analysis results and practical results are compared, and the correctness of the investigation is verified. in the end, the most suitable alloy with respect to the dimen...

gyroscopes are used as rotation rate sensors. conventional gyroscopes are heavy and bulky, which creates important problems regarding their usage in different applications. micro-gyroscopes have solved these problems due to their small size. the beam micro-gyroscope is one of the popular types of inertial sensors. their small dimensions and low energy consumption are key reasons for their popul...

Software design patterns package proven solutions to recurring design problems in a form that simpli es reuse. We are seeking empirical evidence whether using design patterns is bene cial. In particular, one may prefer using a design pattern even if the actual design problem is simpler than that solved by the pattern, i.e., if not all of the functionality o ered by the pattern is actually requi...

Design pattern detection is useful for a range of software comprehension and maintenance tasks. Tools that rely on static or dynamic analysis alone can produce inaccurate results, especially for patterns that rely on the run-time information. Some tools provide facilities for the developer to refine the results by adding their own knowledge. Currently, however, the ability of tools to accommoda...

This paper introduces the T-compound, an agent interaction pattern we propose as reusable architecture in the design of multi-agent systems. We explain why this model and its underlying concept of overhearing are relevant and specific to agents. Then, we describe two strategies of implementation, together with their qualities and weaknesses. We then identify the T-compound in various agent-base...