Transportation of unrefined crude oil from the production unit to a refinery or large storage area by a pipeline is difficult due to the different properties of crude in various areas. Thus, the design of a crude oil pipeline is a very complex and time consuming process, when considering all the various parameters. There were three very important parameters that play a significant role in the t...

The control valve operates at high operation frequency (up to 1,000 Hz) in the large pressure differences between the inlet and outlet of the valve. The flow and operation characteristics of a high-speed electromagnetic control valve are investigated using a commercial software, CFD-ACE+. It is found that maximum operation frequency of the control valve depends on the applied electromagnetic fo...

Elevated circulating cell-free DNA (CFD) levels were found in patients with cancer. The standard CFD assays are work-intensive and expensive. The aim was to evaluate in patients with cancer a new simple CFD assay. In mice inoculated with cancer cells, CFD levels correlated with tumor size. Compared with healthy subjects, 38 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) had higher preoperative CFD level...

Light alkanes can be converted to more useful chemicals in noble metal coated monoliths at very short contact times. The short-contacttime reactor is described by detailed models for the flow field, chemistry, and their coupling. The partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas in a rhodium coated monolith is studied numerically as an example. Keyword: reactor modelling, catalytic partial oxid...

For the validation of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) codes experimental data on fluid flow parameters with high resolution in time and space are needed. ROCOM (Rossendorf Coolant Mixing Model) is a test facility for the investigation of coolant mixing in the primary circuit of pressurized water reactors. This facility describes the primary circuit of a German KONVOI type reactor. All import...

Natural gas flow contains undesirable solid particles, liquid condensation, and/or oil droplets and requires reliable removing equipment to perform filtration. Recent natural gas processing applications are demanded compactness and reliability of process equipment. Since conventional means are sophisticated in design, poor in efficiency, and continue lacking robust, a supersonic nozzle has been...

Mechanical Heating Ventilation and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) systems account for 60% of the total energy consumption of buildings. As a sector, buildings contributes about 40% of the total global energy demand. By using passive technology coupled with natural ventilation from wind towers, significant amounts of energy can be saved, reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases. In this study, the de...

Identification of new sources of salt tolerance is particularly important to develop crop varieties suitable for saline soils. We evaluated 129 Pakistani and 58 exotic wheat landraces/cultivars grown in Hoagland's hydroponic nutrient solution, under control (tap water equivalent to 10 mM salt) and salt stress (200 mM NaCl) conditions. Forty-four genotypes were also tested under 250 mM NaCl...

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is a mathematical tool capable of simulating a wide range of fluid flows. Integrated CFD software has been applied to study the flows in oilfield separators. The influence of inlets, internals, and outlets has been studied with CFD simulations. Of particular value has been the ability of CFD to simulate wave induced sloshing in vessels mounted on floating plat...

It is becoming a popular practice for architects and HVAC engineers to simulate airflows in and around buildings by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methods in order to predict indoor and outdoor environments . However, many CFD programs are crippled by a historically poor and inefficient user interface system, particularly for users with little training in numerical simulation. This investig...