hydrates are crystalline compounds similar to ice, with guest molecules like methane and ethane trapped inside cavities or cages formed by the hydrogen bounded framework of water molecules. these solid compounds give rise to problems in the natural gas oil industry because they can plug pipelines and process equipments. low dosage hydrate inhibitors are a recently developed hydrate control tech...

One of the challenging problems in the Oil & Gas industry is accurate and reliable multiphase flow rate measurement in a three-phase flow. Application of methods with minimized uncertainty is required in the industry. Previous developed correlations for two-phase flow are complex and not capable of three-phase flow. Hence phase behavior identification in different conditions to designing and mo...

A natural gas droplet is generated at certain thermodynamic conditions through three stages: supersaturation, where the has more molecules than it should have in equilibrium, forming “embryos” of liquid phase; nucleation, embryos form groups different shapes and sizes nanometer order; growth, number increases until equilibrium reached. In this paper, homogeneous nucleation growth applied to gra...

the pressure drop of refrigerant r-134a flow boiling inside a horizontal tube has been investigated experimentally. the test set-up which was used in this investigation is a well instrumented vapor compression refrigeration system. these instruments are thermocouples, flow meter, pressure gauges and the pressure drop measuring apparatus. this system consisted of three electrically heated evapor...

Prediction of the gas holdup and pressure drop in a horizontal pipe for gas-non-Newtonian liquid flow using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) methodology have been reported in this paper from the data acquired from our earlier experiment. The ANN prediction is done using Multilayer Perceptrons (MLP) trained with three different algorithms, namely: Backpropagation (BP), Scaled Conjugate gradient ...

Formation of natural gas hydrate is a serious problem in the gas and oil industry because it can plug pipelines and destroy the equipment. This study aimes to evaluate the concentration effect of glycol ethers on their synergism with a commercial kinetic hydrate inhibitor (Luvicap 55W) in sweet natural gas-water systems at a constant temperature of 4 oC and pressure of 95 bar. Hydrate formation...

Production of gases from gas-condensate reservoirs are known to bear certain challenges largely due to the formation of retrograde condensates that hinder gas flow. The drop out of this liquid creates flow regions that are characterized by the liquid saturation as it affects the mobility of the two phase flow, thereby preventing the effective modeling of well productivity. In this study, a pred...

This paper presents a theoretical model and a numerical simulation of a liquid-gas two-phase flow within a microchannel (50 500 2 m m cm μ μ × × ) equipped with distributed liquid water injection through the side walls. The modeling and solution of the conservation equations provide pressure drop as a function of inlet velocity. The influence of different parameters involving water injection is...