in iranian language learning contexts, writing in english is an important challenge for learners, since it is usually treated as a secondary skill and is led to the periphery of language classes, due to its time-consuming nature. computer technology and namely the free online environments available in the world wide web (www) offer possibilities for moving beyond such confinements. asynchronous...

As a fellow or a researcher, we should completely be clear why we want to begin a thesis and to be published? Science progresses through writing a thesis that begins with brainstorming about novel ideas, iterative nature of drafting, soliciting feedback from the professors, and revising. The main finality of a thesis is to reach to a reader by publication of it in a prestigious peer-reviewed sc...

As an indispensable and most difficult part of language acquisition, the importance of English writing has been intensified by the economic globalization and internet revolution due to the special role of English as a universal language (Warshauer, 2000). However, writing teaching and learning has been long perplexing language teachers and learners even in the first language. Therefore many stu...

The Dravidians had their own tradition of writing. It would appear that they introduced writing to the Indus Valley. They continued to use this writing on their pottery in South India and later punch-marked coins. This is supported by the discovery of writing in South India dating back to before 600 BC. In a recent paper Srinivasan et al. argue that the Indus Valley writing was a syllabic multi...

Until now, writing has been described in the research literature as the interplay of situations, strategies and phases – with phases being identifiable temporal procedural units with typical dominant writing actions such as ‘formulating’ or ‘source reading’. Phases are recognized as essential for the success of writing processes. At the same time, most scientific approaches to writing base thei...

This investigation postulatesVygotsky’s (1978) concept of zone of proximal development (ZPD) and his related “scaffolding” metaphor as well as Norton’s (2006) principles of sociocultural identity as its theoretical foundation.Thisresearchintends to scrutinizethe socioculturally-oriented mediationalmechanisms utilized in student-student and student-teacher collaborationsin an Iranian EFL writing...

In one of the many and fundamental side-remarks made by Turing in his 1950 paper (The Imitation Game paper), an analogy is made between Mechanism and Writing. Turing is aware that his Machine is a writing/re-writing mechanism, but he doesn’t go deeper into the comparison. Striding along the history of writing, we will hint here at the nature and the role of alphabetic writing in the invention o...

The NTID Writing Test was developed to assess the writing ability of postsecondary deaf students entering the National Technical Institute for the Deaf and to determine their appropriate placement into developmental writing courses. While previous research (Albertini et al., 1986; Albertini et al., 1996; Bochner, Albertini, Samar, & Metz, 1992) has shown the test to be reliable between multiple...

Understanding the syntax of an undeciphered writing is a significant challenge. This can provide important clues to the nature of writing and guide potential decipherments. Here we evaluate a set of computational tools that can help us address this problem. We show that significant aspects of the writing can be inferred through this approach without making any assumption about the underlying co...

Climate Crisis and Metanoia. Mystical Aspects of Contemporary Nature Writing The aim this article is to provide a synthesizing overview religious references appearing in contemporary nature writing discourses dealing with the issue climate change. author emphasizes importance scale those references, pointing lack theoretical tools – not developed by “divergent”ecocritical post-secular theories ...