Exosomes, as a mediator of cell-to-cell transfer of genetic information, act an important role in intercommunication between tumor cells and their niche including fibroblasts, endothelial cells, adipocytes and monocytes. Several studies have shown that tumor cells can influence their neighboring cells by releasing exosomes. These exosomes provide signaling cues for stimulation, activation, prol...

BACKGROUND Many important geochemical and biogeochemical reactions occur in the mineral/formation water interface of the highly abundant mineral, goethite [α-Fe(OOH)]. Ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations of the goethite α-FeOOH (100) surface and the structure, water bond formation and dynamics of water molecules in the mineral/aqueous interface are presented. Several exchange correl...

Phase-locked states with a constant phase shift between the neighboring oscillators are studied in rings of identical Kuramoto time-delayed nearest-neighbor coupling. The linear stability these is derived and it found that maps for dimensionless equations show high level symmetry. size attraction basins numerically investigated. These sizes changing periodically over several orders magnitude as...

Monte Carlo simulations of coronene molecules in single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and dicoronylene molecules in SWCNTs are performed. Depending on the diameter D of the encapsulating SWCNT, regimes favoring the formation of ordered, one-dimensional (1D) stacks of tilted molecules (D ≤ 1.7 nm for coronene@SWCNT, 1.5 nm ≤ D ≤ 1.7 nm for dicoronylene@SWCNT) and regimes with disordered molec...

We apply recently developed techniques for pattern recognition to construct a generative model for chemical structure. This approach can be viewed as ligand-based de novo design. We construct a statistical model describing the structural variations present in a set of molecules which may be sampled to generate new structurally similar examples. We prevent the possibility of generating chemicall...

We report a robust nonparametric descriptor, J′(r), for quantifying the spatial organization of molecules in singlemolecule localization microscopy. J′(r), based on nearest neighbor distribution functions, does not require any parameter as an input for analyzing point patterns. We show that J′(r) displays a valley shape in the presence of clusters of molecules, and the characteristics of the va...

We report broadband spin-wave spectroscopy on kagome artificial spin ices (KASIs) made of large arrays disconnected Ni81Fe19 400-nm-long nanobars. observed wave spectra that varied characteristically upon the separation between neighboring The dipolar coupling within KASI is analyzed in terms a configuration-dependent bias field. It varies about 30 and 40 mT for nearest-neighbor separations 300...

This paper introduces the concept of fitness cloud as an alternative way to visualize and analyze search spaces than given by the geographic notion of fitness landscape. It is argued that the fitness cloud concept overcomes several deficiencies of the landscape representation. Our analysis is based on the correlation between fitness of solutions and fitnesses of nearest solutions according to s...

The use of the spectral derivative method in Near Infrared optical spectroscopy and tomographic imaging is presented, whereby instead of using discrete measurements around several wavelengths, the difference between nearest neighboring spectral measurements is used. The proposed technique is shown to be insensitive to the unknown tissue and fiber contact coupling coefficients providing substant...