AIMS Recent data have reported that neoatherosclerosis could develop long after stent implantation and lead to subsequent rupture and acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We sought to identify the presence of in-stent neoatheroma (ISNA) in patients with very late stent thrombosis (VLST) using optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS AND RESULTS All patients from two catheterization centres who p...

Drug-eluting stents (DES) reduce coronary restenosis significantly; however, late stent thrombosis (LST) occurs, which requires long-term antiplatelet therapy. Angioscopic grading of neointimal coverage of coronary stent struts was established, and it was revealed that neointimal formation is incomplete and prevalence of LST is higher in DES when compared to bare-metal stents. It was also obser...

Intimal hyperplasia is a primary cause of failure after vascular reconstruction and may be affected by blood flow. We have studied the effects of increased blood flow on intimal hyperplasia in porous polytetrafluoroethylene grafts implanted in baboons. These grafts develop an endothelial lining by 2 weeks and neointimal thickening due to proliferation of underlying smooth muscle cells by 1 mont...

BACKGROUND The mechanisms underlying the reduced neointimal proliferation (NP) by intracoronary brachytherapy (ICBT) are unknown. We hypothesized that ICBT inhibits NP by reducing expression of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF). METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty coronary arteries from 10 pigs were divided into 3 groups of 10 each: control (C), balloon injury (BI), and BI followed by ICBT ...

AIMS This study aimed to validate automatic intravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT) analysis for the evaluation of neointimal coverage in response to stent implantation. METHODS AND RESULTS Fourteen stented segments in common iliac arteries, acquired from a total of seven adult male New Zealand White rabbits, were interrogated in vivo by IVOCT. Durable polymer everolimus-eluting st...

OBJECTIVES Angiotensin II (AngII) generation in response to vascular injury has long been assumed to influence neointimal proliferation contributing to restenosis. This concept has been supported by evidence that ACE inhibition and AT1 receptor blockade effectively limits restenosis in the rat. On the other hand, ACE inhibition has proven ineffective in clinical trails. The present study examin...

Background—Pharmacological blockade of 3-integrins inhibits neointimal lesion formation in nonmouse animal models of arterial injury. In contrast, 3-integrin–deficient ( 3 / ) mice are not protected from neointimal lesion formation after arterial injury. We investigated this discrepancy in 3 / and wild-type ( 3 / ) mice using different models of injury. Methods and Results—After disruption of t...

BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is associated with disturbed blood flow characterized by low and oscillatory shear stress (SS), however, few study directly links SS to neointimal hyperplasia in animal model. This study was focused on the effects of changed SS upon the neointimal hyperplasia which responded to balloon injury in a novel rabbit model with partially-constricted abdominal aorta. METHOD...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the potential cell sources of neointimal cells in autologous vein graft in rat model. METHODS Vein graft neointimal cell origins were investigated using a model of vein-to-artery interposition modal. Slides were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, immunohistochemical staining was also performed with primary antibodies alpha-smooth actin or CD34. RESULTS Neointimal t...