An electrochemical quartz crystal impedance system (EQCIS) was used to study the resonance behavior of an AT-cut 9-MHz piezoelectric quartz crystal (PQC) with its Au electrode partially immersed in KCl, Na2SO4 and NaClO4 aqueous solutions, respectively. An in situ determination of the immersed area and the height of the electrode was achieved by simultaneous measurements of the PQC electroacous...

The energy density and operating voltage of aqueous batteries are limited by the narrow electrochemical stability window side reactions traditional electrolytes. Considering that optimization electrolyte composition can effectively improve performance batteries, it has advantages simple easy large-scale preparation, betaine with rich polar groups zwitterions is added to as a functional material...

A comprehensive model for calculating the viscosity of aqueous electrolyte solutions has been developed. The model includes a long-range electrostatic interaction term, contributions of individual ions, and a contribution of specific interactions between ions or neutral species. The long-range electrostatic term is obtained from the Onsager-Fuoss theory, whereas the individual ionic contributio...

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed on the interaction of two solid surfaces, namely the (00.1) hematite and (10.4) calcite surfaces, in contact with aqueous electrolyte solutions containing different concentrations of dissolved NaCl. The structure and a number of properties of the interface were investigated. The size and amount of statistics needed for convergence of these calc...

Throughout the 1980s, the development of portable electronic products such as video cameras, notebook computers, and cell phones led to a growing need for rechargeable batteries with greater capacity, or reduced size and weight for a given capacity. However, conventional rechargeable batteries such as lead–acid batteries and nickel–cadmium batteries, as well as nickel–metalhydride batteries, wh...

An electrochemical cell comprising a novel dual-component graphite and Earth-crust abundant metal anode, a hydrogen producing cathode and an aqueous sodium chloride electrolyte was constructed and used for carbon dioxide mineralisation. Under an atmosphere of 5 % carbon dioxide in nitrogen, the cell exhibited both capacitive and oxidative electrochemistry at the anode. The graphite acted as a s...

– We present a theory which accounts for the increase in interfacial tension of water due to the presence of 1:1 electrolyte. The agreement between the theory and experiment is excellent, extending all the way to relatively high salt concentrations of 1 M. For low concentrations of electrolyte the theory reduces to the Onsager-Samaras limiting law. Contrary to surfactant solutions, aqueous elec...

By combining a viologen unit and a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl (TEMPO) radical in one single combi-molecule, an artificial bipolar redox-active material, 1-(4-(((1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)oxy)carbonyl)benzyl)-1'-methyl-[4,4'-bipyridine]-1,1'-diium-chloride (VIOTEMP), was created that can serve as both the anode (-0.49 V) and cathode (0.67 V vs. Ag/AgCl) in a water-based r...

Molecular dynamics simulations of supercritical electrolyte solutions with three different ion–water models are performed to study the anion–cation potential of mean force of an infinitely dilute aqueous NaCl solution in the vicinity of the solvent’s critical point. The association constant for the ion pair Na/Cl and the constant of equilibrium between the solvent-separated and the contact ion ...

In this work we have applied the Dense System Equation of State (DSEOS) to electrolyte solutions. We have found that this equation of state can predict the density of electrolyte solutions very accurately. It has been tested for different electrolytes solutions at different temperatures and compositions. A hypothetical binary model has been applied to find the dependencies of parameters of ...