Partial nitritation was pointed out as the key step to implement autotrophic nitrogen removal processes at low temperature. This study investigated initiation and maintenance of a process with simultaneous COD in sequencing batch reactor (SBR) run 15 °C fed primary settled urban wastewater characterized by 42 ± 10 mg TOC/L 45 4 NH4+-N/L. A nitrite accumulation ratio nearly 100% observed long-te...