Nodes of Ranvier are specialized axonal domains formed in response to a glial signal. Recent research advances have revealed that both CNS and PNS nodes form by several overlapping molecular mechanisms. However, the precise nature of these mechanisms and the hierarchy existing between them is considerably different in CNS versus PNS nodes. Namely, the Schwann cells of the PNS, which directly co...

We compared Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and 3D Endoanal Ultrasound (EAUS) imaging performance to confirm anal carcinoma and to monitor treatment response.58 patients with anal cancer were retrospectively enrolled. All patients underwent clinical examination, anoscopic examination; EAUS and contrast-enhanced MRI study before and after treatment. Four radiologists evaluated the presence of l...

This paper considers N mobile nodes that move together in the vicinity of each other, whose initial poses as well as subsequent movements must be accurately tracked in real time with the assist of M(≥ 3) reference nodes. By engaging the neighboring mobile nodes in a simple but effective cooperation, and by exploiting both the timeof-arrival (TOA) information (between mobile nodes and reference ...

In this paper, we develop a novel approach to conserving energy in battery-powered communication devices. There are two salient aspects to this approach. First, the battery-powered devices move through multiple, progressively deeper, sleep states in a predictable manner. Nodes in deeper sleep states consume lower energy while asleep, but incur a longer delay and higher energy cost to awaken. Se...

In this paper, we show the benefit of an integrated analysis of performance and technology, as both signal degradation and burst losses limit the effective throughput of optical burst switching nodes. The investigation covers the Tune-andSelect (TAS) base architecture as well as extensions with dedicated and shared FDL buffers. First, we describe these node architectures and the OBS reservation...

Localization has been considered as an important precondition for the location-dependent applications such as mobile tracking and navigation.To obtain specific location information, we usually make use of Global Positioning System(GPS), which is the most common platform to acquire localization information in outdoor environments. When targets are in indoor environment, however, the GPS signal i...

This paper proposes cooperative coding using an interference cancellation technique to improve the performance of the PB/MC-CDMA system. The cooperation of multiple relay nodes which help to advance the source signal are considered to be the multiple transmit antennas within this system. However, if errors occur at relay nodes due to the frequency selective fading channel, then error propagatio...

A wireless sensor network (WSN) is considered where each node estimates a number of node-specific desired signals by means of the distributed adaptive node-specific signal estimation (DANSE) algorithm. It is assumed that the topology of the WSN is constructed based on one of the two approaches, either a top-down approach where the WSN is composed of heterogeneous nodes, or a bottom-up approach ...

To verify the validity of our previously reported autonomous indoor localization system in an actual environment, we implemented it in a wireless sensor network based on the ZigBee standard. The system automatically estimates the distance between sensor nodes by measuring the RSSI (received signal strength indicator) at an appropriate number of sensor nodes. Through experiments, we clarified th...

In wireless sensor network nodes position estimation in space is known as localization. Node localization in wireless sensor network is important for many applications and to find the position with Received Signal Strength Indicator requires a number of anchor nodes. However the estimation of distance from signal strength decay in not very accurate especially in time varying environmental condi...