Abstract Today, we globally observe a sharp increase in learners’ engagement extramural (out-of-class) English (EE; Sundqvist 2009). This undoubtedly affords new opportunities for, but also challenges to, language teaching (ELT) and learning. To our knowledge, this study is the first to explore topic from cross-national perspective. Upper secondary teachers (N = 534) Austria, France (‘dubbing c...

We address models that can explain why expert patients (obstetricians, midwives and doctors) are treated better than non-experts (mainly non-medical training). Models of statistical discrimination show that benevolent doctors treat expert patients better, since experts are better at communicating with the doctor. Agency theory suggests that doctors have an incentive to limit hospital costs by d...

INTRODUCTION Even though advantages of ultrasound line placement seem obvious, many countries do not have easy access to such technology. This study aims to compare the degree of difficulty in central venous line placement with or without ultrasound and the incidence of complications, and to establish the effect of the operator's degree of training. METHODS The study included 257 patients tha...

<em>The objectives of this study are (1) to classify the translation techniques used between subtitles and dubbing (2) identify quality accuracy instrument (3) compare that is more accurate use. The source data a movie limited translated utterances have different translations in subtitle versions. This qualitative method with following steps; Classifying based on Molina Albir’s (2002) cla...

With ‘original’ content from a growing diversity of languages, Netflix has become playground for audiovisual translation. Given that outsources its localisation, it been able to rely on practitioners in consolidated industries create revoiced and subtitled versions adhere industry conventions. Although subtitling long the mode localising mainstream products (films series) into English, initiate...