The medial collateral ligament (MCL) is the most frequently injured ligament in the knee, with mild-to-moderate tears often going unreported to physicians. Medial collateral ligament injuries can result from both contact and noncontact sporting activities. The mainstay of treatment is nonoperative; however, operative management of symptomatic grade II and grade III injuries is considered when l...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate our experience with the management of blunt liver trauma at Riyadh Central Hospital, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. METHODS The hospital records of 68 patients treated for blunt liver trauma at Riyadh Medical Complex over a 5-year period (1997 through to 2002) were reviewed retrospectively. Patients who were hemodynamically unstable or had peritonitis were treated by urgent la...

Shoulder injuries in the throwing athlete are becoming more frequent. Sports specialization at a younger age, playing multiple seasons, increased awareness of injury and injury prevention, advances in diagnosis, and surgical treatment all play a part in the increase in diagnosis of these injuries. Understanding the biomechanics of throwing and pathologies that are encountered in the throwing at...

BACKGROUND The role of nonoperative management for rotator cuff tears remains a matter of debate. Clinical results reported in the literature mainly consist of level IV studies, oftentimes combining a mixed bag of tear sizes and configurations, and are contradictory to some extent. METHODS A selective literature search was performed and personal surgical experiences are reported. RESULTS Mo...

The optimal treatment approach for the initial management of radial nerve palsy associated with humeral shaft fractures has yet to be conclusively determined. The authors performed a systematic review of the literature to identify studies that compared the outcomes after initial nonoperative and operative management for radial nerve palsy associated with acute humeral shaft fractures. A meta-an...

Background: Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) scores can quantify symptomsand limitations after upper extremity surgery. Our objective was to determine how these scores compare amongstpatients with trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis treated either nonoperatively or operatively.Methods: In this retrospective comparative study, we compared PROMIS s...

Subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS) occurs when the rotator cuff is compressed by the overlying acromion during shoulder flexion resulting in shoulder pain. The objective of this study was to demonstrate significant relief of symptoms and improved function from physical therapy over long-term follow-up. Eighty-one patients were followed. Patients had subjective and strength assessments at th...

Background: Management of displaced proximal humeral fractures is subject of ongoing debate. Objectives: We aimed to review our results of operative treatment of proximal humeral fractures compared to age-, sex, and fracture-type controlled conservative treatment. We hypothesized that there is no significant difference in upper-extremity specific disability between patients treated with operati...