Thyroid disorders both hypo and hyperthyroidism are frequently seen in women, the incidence of hypothyroidism is being much higher than hyperthyroidism. Reported studies in these two conditions on reproductive physiology in women and in experimental female animals have shown that both hypo and hyperthyroidism are associated with delay in onset of puberty, anovulation, various menstrual irregula...

AIMS We studied whether first morning voided (FMV) urinary gonadotropin measurements could be used as a noninvasive alternative to the GnRH test in the assessment of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal function in children. METHODS In a single-center study, we compared FMV urinary gonadotropin concentrations with basal and GnRH-stimulated serum gonadotropin levels in 274 children and adolescen...

BACKGROUND The utility of blood reproductive endocrine biomarkers for assessing or estimating semen quality was explored. METHODS A cross-sectional study of 47 DDT exposed malaria vector control workers was performed. Tests included blood basal and post gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone, sex hormone binding globu...

BACKGROUND The predictive value of ovarian reserve tests (ORTs) for spontaneous pregnancy is unclear. Our study aimed to determine whether ORTs have added value to previously identified prognostic factors for spontaneous pregnancy in subfertile ovulatory couples. METHODS A prospective cohort study was performed on 474 subfertile ovulatory couples in two hospitals in Groningen, The Netherlands...

BACKGROUND The increase in miscarriage rate with female age is attributed to a decline in oocyte quality. This age-related decrease of oocyte quality is accompanied by a decrease in oocyte quantity. Assessment of the number of oocytes by ovarian reserve tests (ORTs) may therefore also represent their quality. The objective of our study was to assess the predictive value of ORTs for miscarriage ...

The reason ovarian function and fertility are diminished in women with a low antral follicle count (AFC), despite significant numbers of follicles remaining in ovaries, is unknown. The bovine model is unique to address this question because cattle and women with a low AFC exhibit similar phenotypic characteristics including a diminished ovarian reserve, reduced circulating concentrations of ant...

To investigate hypothalamic-pituitary functions and the primary site of the lesion in idiopathic pituitary dwarfism, various pituitary function tests, especially the pituitary hormone responses to the hypophysiotropic hormones were studied in 23 patients with idiopathic pituitary dwarfism. A few cases showed slight responses of GH to GH stimulation tests. Gonadotropin deficiencies were most fre...

LH and FSH play critical roles in mammalian reproduction by mediating steroidogenesis and gametogenesis in the gonad. Gonadal steroid hormone feedback to the hypothalamus and pituitary influences production of the gonadotropins. We previously demonstrated that progesterone differentially regulates the expression of the LH and FSH -subunits at the level of the gonadotrope: FSH transcription is i...

Aim: The aim of this case-control study was to compare the efficacy of highly purified human menopausal gonadotropin (HPhMG) vs recombinant follicle stimulating hormone (r-FSH) treatments following GnRH agonist suppression in patients undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with moderate male factor infertility in terms of oocyte and embryo quality and clinical pregnancy outcomes. Ma...

Testes from 17- to 20-d-old rat fetuses were cultured in vitro for various time intervals in Medium 199 alone or with added gonadotrophins. Estradiol released into the culture media was determined by radioimmunoassay. A basal estradiol secretion rate was inexistant or undetectable at all stages studied. In early stages (17 and 18 d) there was no difference in the stimulatory effect of FSH or LH...