The benefits of bisphosphonates (BPs) in reducing skeletal-related events (SREs) in patients with bone metastases has mainly been attributed to their potent osteoclast inhibiting effect. However, despite the use of modern systemic anticancer therapy including potent BPs, many patients with bone metastases continue to have SREs. An improved understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of bone des...

The asymptotic variance and distribution of Spearman's rank correlation have previously been known only under independence. For variables with finite support, the population version of Spearman's rank correlation has been derived. Using this result, we show convergence to a normal distribution irrespectively of dependence, and derive the asymptotic variance. A small simulation study indicates t...

in this paper we consider several generalizations of the skew t-normal distribution, and some of their properties. also, we represent several theorems for constructing each generalized skew t-normal distribution. next, we illustrate the application of the proposed distribution studying the ratio of two heavy metals, nickel and vanadium, associated with crude oil in shadgan wetland in the south-...

In this paper we study the algebraic ranks of foliations on Q-factorial normal projective varieties. We start by establishing a Kobayashi-Ochiai's theorem for Fano in terms rank. then investigate local positivity anti-canonical divisors foliations, obtaining lower bound rank foliation Seshadri constant. describe those whose slightly exceeds and classify smooth varieties attaining bound. Finally...

Paracrine signaling through receptor activator of NF-κB (RANK) pathway mediates the expansion of mammary epithelia that occurs during pregnancy, and activation of RANK pathway promotes mammary tumorigenesis in mice. In this study we extend these previous data to human cells and show that the RANK pathway promotes the development of mammary stem cells and breast cancer. Overexpression of RANK (F...

the rank-k numerical range has a close connection to the construction of quantum error correction code for a noisy quantum channel. for noisy quantum channel, a quantum error correcting code of dimension k exists if and only if the associated joint rank-k numerical range is non-empty. in this paper the notion of joint rank-k numerical range is generalized and some statements of [2011, generaliz...

This paper discusses a relationship between the prime factorizability of a normal full rank n-D (n > 2) polynomial matrix and its reduced minors. Two conjectures regarding the n-D polynomial matrix prime factorization problem are posed, and a partial solution to one of the conjectures is provided. Another related open problem of factorizing an n-D polynomial matrix that is not of normal full ra...

We describe the generic change of the partial multiplicities at a given eigenvalue λ0 of a regular matrix pencil A0 + λA1 under perturbations with low normal rank. More precisely, if the pencil A0 + λA1 has exactly g nonzero partial multiplicities at λ0, then for most perturbations B0 + λB1 with normal rank r < g the perturbed pencil A0 + B0 + λ(A1 + B1) has exactly g − r nonzero partial multip...