The primary constituent of urinary protein in diabetic nephropathy is albumin. Consequently, quantification of urinary albumin excretion is central to any description of diabetic renal disease. Albumin excretion can be determined from timed urine collections, and 24hour, overnight, or even shorter collection periods are used. Measurement of the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio in untimed uri...

BACKGROUND Increased urinary excretion of albumin is an early sign of kidney damage and a risk factor for progressive cardiovascular and renal diseases and heart failure. There is, however, only limited information on the prevalence and prognostic role of urinary albumin excretion in patients with established chronic heart failure. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 2131 patients enrolled in 76 s...

AIMS To evaluate the variability of 24-hour urinary iodine (UI) excretion intra- and interindividually on three days of a week in healthy subjects, living in southern Brazil, and the correlation among the urinary excretion of iodine and sodium. METHODS Cross-sectional study, including 47 volunteers: 18 individuals with one, 15 individuals with two and 14 individuals with three 24-hour urine s...

Phyllanthus niruri (P.niruri) or stone breaker is a plant commonly used to reduce stone risk, however, clinical studies on this issue are lacking. OBJECTIVE To prospectively evaluate the effect of P. niruri on the urinary metabolic parameters of patients with urinary lithiasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We studied 56 patients with kidney stones <10mm. Clinical, metabolic, and ultrasonography as...

A prospective study was carried out on 50 patients (age 1-15 years) with nephrotic range of proteinuria to determine the correlation of 24-hour urinary total protein with spot urinary protein/creatinine ratio and urinary protein/osmolality ratio. Another 50 patients having no proteinuria grouped as control. Twenty-four hours urine and spot urine were collected from each child and were analyzed ...

Diabetic nephropathy is a progressive renal disease with thickening of the glomerular basement membrane and mesangial expansion and proliferation as histological hallmarks. The presence of the glycosaminoglycan side chains of heparan sulfate proteoglycan, an important constituent of the glomerular basement membrane, is decreased in diabetic nephropathy proportionally to the degree of proteinuri...

  Abstract   Background: Hydronephrosis is the most common congenital condition that is detected   by prenatal ultrasonography. Moreover, the widespread use of prenatal ultrasonography   results in an increased recognition of fetal hydronephrosis. Prenatal hydronephrosis   is diagnosed at an incidence of 1:100 to 1:500 by ultrasonographic studies. The presence of hydronephrosis is not synonymou...

Background We aimed to describe urinary sodium and potassium excretion and their ratio in a representative sample of Portuguese elderly population, according to sociodemographic characteristics and weight status. Methods A cluster sampling approach was used, representing older Portuguese adults (≥65 years) according to age, sex, education level, and regional area within the Nutrition UP 65 st...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES There are no studies associating ventilatory mode effects on renal repercussions during pneumoperitoneum. This study aimed at evaluating pneumoperitoneum-induced renal hemodynamics and function changes in dogs under volume and pressure controlled ventilation. METHODS This study involved 16 dogs anesthetized with sodium thiopental and fentanyl, which were divided in t...

OBJECTIVES We estimated iodine status of Korean population by determining the concentration of spot urinary iodine (UI) with a reliable method based on the Sandell-Kolthoff reaction. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 540 urine samples from apparently healthy subjects were collected, and UI, urinary sodium (UNa), and urinary creatinine (UCr) were determined from those samples and analyzed with ...